【题目】下列气候类型中,对我国影响最大的是( )
A. 地中海气候 B. 温带大陆性气候 C. 高山气候 D. 季风气候
【答案】D
【解析】
我国是世界上气候类型最多的国家之一。我国东半部有大范围的季风气候,自南而北有热带季风气候、亚热带季风气候、温带季风气候;西北地区大多为温带大陆性气候;青藏高原区是独特的高原气候;西部高山地区则表现出明显的垂直气候特征。
季风气候显著对我国的经济发展有着极大的影响。夏季普遍高温,雨热同期,水热条件配合得当,使农作物和林木在旺盛的生长期内,能够得到充足的热量和水分,因此中国喜温作物的种植界限,比世界其他地区的纬度要高得多。但夏季降水多,易发生洪涝,而其他季节降水少,易造成干旱;在冬、夏季风强弱反常时,会导致降水波动大和热量条件的不稳定,从而带来旱涝灾害和夏季低温、冬春季寒潮,常使工农业生产乃至人们的生活遭受损害,故本题选D。
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