【题目】小明住在靖江城北工业园区,经过长期观察他发现一个有趣的现象,他家附近一座高大的烟囱,夏季烟尘一般飘向偏北方,冬季烟尘一般飘向偏南方。据此回答下面小题。
【1】这种现象与我国气候的特征相关?
A. 气候复杂多样 B. 季风气候显著 C. 大陆性气候分布广 D. 以上都正确
【2】夏季,小明的家乡常会出现自然灾害
A. 地震 B. 寒潮 C. 泥石流 D. 台风
【3】当遭遇暴雨天气时,下列做法不正确的是
A. 打雷时,可以在大树下躲雨
B. 路面有积水时,谨慎行走,避开下水道井口
C. 尽快离开棚户房之类的简易破旧房屋,转移到坚固的房屋内
D. 因为降水量太大而导致交通不便,尽量减少户外活动
【答案】
【1】B
【2】D
【3】A
【解析】本题主要考查气候复杂多样和主要气候类型以及旱、涝、寒潮、台风等灾害性天气的影响。
【1】我国的气候特征是:气候复杂多样,季风气候显著,大陆性特征显著。在我国季风区内,冬、夏风向有规律地更替着。夏季盛行来自海洋的偏南风,冬季劲吹来自亚洲大陆内部的偏北风。正是这种冬夏相反的盛行风向变化,带来了明显的气候季节变化。所以工业园区内有一座高大的烟囱,夏季烟尘一般飘向偏北方向,冬季烟尘一般飘向偏南方向,故本题选B。
【2】在中国登陆的台风平均每年有6~8次,主要影响中国东部沿海地区,特别是东南沿海的海南、广东、广西、台湾、福建、浙江等沿海省区.袭击中国的台风常发生在5﹣10月,尤以7﹣8月为多。我国夏季盛行来自海洋的偏南风,冬季劲吹来自亚洲大陆内部的偏北风。靖江位于我国东部沿海地区,夏季容易出现台风等灾害性天气,故本题选D。
【3】日常生活中,我们要学习一些在火灾、地震、水灾中逃生的科学知识,在一些突发事件中,要充分利用科学知识,进行逃生。打雷时,在大树下躲雨,容易被雷击;当遭遇暴雨天气时,离开地势低洼处,路面有积水时谨慎行走,避开下水道井口;尽快离开棚户房之类的简易或破旧房屋,转移到坚固的房屋内;因为降水量太大而导致交通不便,尽量减少户外活动,故本题选A。
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