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【题目】我国把“实行计划生育”作为长期基本国策,主要原因是(  )

A. 人口地区分布不均 B. 人口增长与社会、经济、资源、环境的矛盾突出

C. 农村人口比重大 D. 城镇人口数量不断增多

【答案】B

【解析】

20世纪70年代初期我国大力推行计划生育政策以来,全国大约少生了约4亿人,人口过快增长的势头得到有效遏制。特别是近十年来,人口的出生率和自然增长率明显下降。但是,由于我国人口基数大,青少年的比重高,在今后一段较长的时期内,人口总量还将持续增长。在度过高峰期后,人口总数才会呈下降趋势,但人口素质不高的状况在短期内还难以根本改变,人口与经济、社会、资源、环境的矛盾依然会十分突出。因此,实行计划生育,控制人口的数量,提高人口的质量,是我国一项长期的基本国策,故选B。

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