[题目]下表中为我国黑龙江.黄河.长江.珠江四条河流的水文特征.依据表中信息完成以下问题.河流长度有无结冰期多年平均径流总量多年平均含沙量 ①2215无33600.249②3101有27090.16③5464有66035④6300无95000.54(1)四条河流中位于南方地区的是 ( )A.①B.②C.③D.④(2)③河流含沙量大.该流域水土保持的� 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

【题目】下表中为我国黑龙江、黄河、长江、珠江四条河流的水文特征。依据表中信息完成以下问题。

河流	长度(千米)	有无结冰期	多年平均径流总量 (亿立方米)	多年平均含沙量 (千克／立方米)
①	2215	无	3360	0.249
②	3101	有	2709	0，16
③	5464	有	660	35
④	6300	无	9500	0.54

（1）四条河流中位于南方地区的是 ( )
A.①
B.②
C.③
D.④
（2）③河流含沙量大，该流域水土保持的措施是 ( )
A.植树种草
B.毁林开荒
C.增加放牧数量，提高收入
D.缓坡建梯田

【答案】
（1）A,D
（2）A,D
【解析】（1）以秦岭-淮河线为界，以南地区的河流主要流经湿润地区，水量丰富，汛期长，含沙量小，冬季河流不结冰；以北地区的河流主要流经半湿润或半干旱地区，水量不大，汛期较短，且冬季河流有结冰现象。可判定①④河流位于秦岭、淮河以南的南方地区。根据题意，故选：AD。（2）读表可知，③为黄河；黄河下游地上河部分经常泛滥决口；地上河的成因是黄河中游流经黄土高原，黄土高原土质疏松，植被破坏，土壤裸露，一遇暴雨，水土流失严重，使黄河的泥沙大增，下游又在华北平原上，河床宽坦，水流缓慢，泥沙大量淤积，使河床抬高形成，所以治理黄河的根本措施是在黄河中游植树种草、修筑梯田，搞好水土保持工作。根据题意，故选：AD。

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