Question

【题目】

Earth's atmosphere (大气) is made of the layers of air that is around Earth. Thanks to the O2 found in the atmosphere, humans and other animals can breathe.

The atmosphere has four layers. The closest layer to Earth is the troposphere. The troposphere reaches from Earth to about 8 to 15 kilometers above sea level (平面).

It includes most of the air and O2 in the atmosphere, so all life on Earth lives here. The closer to the ground, the warmer the air is. Higher up in the troposphere, the air becomes much colder.

The second layer of the atmosphere is the stratosphere. The stratosphere reaches to around 50 kilometers above Earth. Near the top of the stratosphere is the ozone layer (丑氧层). The ozone layer helps protect life on Earth from the sun's UV radiation. Unluckily, there are holes in several parts of the ozone layer. This could cause serious problems for life on Earth.

The third layer of the atmosphere is the mesosphere. It reaches up to around 80 kilometers above Earth. The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere, It can be as cold as -100℃ there.

The fourth layer is called the thermosphere. It reaches up to around 600 kilometers above Earth. This is where outer space begins. The international space station runs around the planet from this layer. The temperature here is very high. It gets up to 1,200℃.

【1】The troposphere goes up to around ____________ above the Earth.

A. 8-15 kilometersB. 50 kilometersC. 80 kilometersD. 600 kilometers

【2】The ______________ is the coldest layer in the atmosphere.

A. troposphereB. stratosphereC. mesosphereD. themosphere

【3】According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. In the troposphere, the closer to the ground, the colder the air is.

B. The ozone layer could cause problems for life on Earth.

C. Outer space begins from the mesosphere.

D. The temperature in the thermosphere can be 1200℃.

【4】Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P: Paragraph)

A. B. C. D.

【5】________________ may be the best title of the passage.

A. What Makes up the AtmosphereB. Where Is the Atmosphere

C. The Distance of the AtmosphereD. The Temperature of the Atmosphere

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【5】A

【解析】

本文介绍了地球大气层的四个层次：对流层、同温层、中间层和热层。

【1】细节理解题。根据“The troposphere reaches from Earth to about 8 to 15 kilometers above sea level (平面).”可知，对流层的高度从地球到海平面以上8至15公里。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据“The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere. It can be as cold as -100℃ there.”可知，中间层是大气中温度最低的，那里的温度可以低到-100℃。故选C。

【3】细节理解题。根据“The fourth layer is called the thermosphere...the temperature here is very high. It gets up to 1,200℃.”可知，热层的温度高达1200℃，故选D。

【4】篇章结构题。根据本文第一段介绍了地球外面的大气层，第二段、第三段、第四段和第五段分别介绍了大气层的四个层次，因此这是总分关系，故选C。

【5】标题归纳题。根据“The atmosphere has four layers.”可知本文主要介绍了大气层有四层，故选A。

认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解、词义猜测、推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题2，根据“The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere. It can be as cold as -100℃ there.”可知，中间层是大气中温度最低的，那里的温度可以低到-100℃。故选C。