【题目】从2016年1月1日起,我国全面放开二孩政策。据此回答下列小题。
【1】我国人口的突出特点是( )
A. 人口数量多,素质高 B. 人口基数大,增长快
C. 人口基数大,增长已十分缓慢 D. 人口地区分布均匀
【2】我国开放二孩政策的原因,与实际不符的是()
A. 独生子女家庭养老问题日益严峻 B. 人口老龄化速度加快
C. 劳动年龄人口供给减少 D. 人口总数不断减少
【答案】
【1】 B
【2】 D
【解析】
试题
【1】自20世纪70年代初期我国大力推行计划生育政策以来,全国大约少生了约4亿人,人口过快增长的势头得到有效遏制.特别是近十年来,人口的出生率和自然增长率明显下降.但是,由于我国人口基数大,青少年的比重高,在今后一段较长的时期内,人口总量还将持续增长。在度过高峰期后,人口总数才会呈下降趋势,但人口素质不高的状况在短期内还难以根本改变,人口与经济、社会、资源、环境的矛盾依然会十分突出。故选:B。
【2】我国的人口国情是:人口老龄化现象严重,人口基数大,人口增长速度快,人口素质低等,出于这样的基本国情,为了促进人口长期均衡发展,我国实行了“单独二胎”生育政策。所以,D项符合题意。故选:D。
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