【题目】Many useful machines were______by inventors.These machines have______the world a lot.There are many great inventors in the world,and Watt was one of them.
Watt was English.When he was a child,he liked to ask questions and he was always______hard.One day,he was sitting in the kitchen with his grandmother,and he______a kettle (水壶) on the oven.Soon steam (蒸汽) began to come______the kettle and the lid (盖子)was shaking.Watt asked what was in the kettle.His grandmother said,“Water,my child.”
“But I know there's______in it.It pushes the lid up,” said Watt.His grandmother told him that it was only steam.He asked his grandmother,“______does the steam come from?” His grandmother said that it came from hot water.Watt said to______,“The steam is very strong.It can push things.The steam will be much______if there's more water.”
Later,Watt tried hard and made steam______for people.He invented the first engine.
【1】A. sent B. made C. invented D. worked
【2】A. changed B. got C. became D. was
【3】A. playing B. using C. growing D. thinking
【4】A. look at B. looked C. saw D. watch
【5】A. at B. out of C. in D. out
【6】A. something B. nothing C. anything D. wind
【7】A. Where B. Why C. Whether D. When
【8】A. him B. herself C. himself D. her
【9】A. stronger B. strong C. weak D. weaker
【10】A. working B. worked C. work D. works
【答案】
【1】 C
【2】 A
【3】 D
【4】 C
【5】 B
【6】 A
【7】 A
【8】 C
【9】 A
【10】 C
【解析】
本文主要介绍了发明家瓦特。瓦特是英国人。他小时候喜欢提问题,而且总是想得很认真。一天,他和祖母坐在厨房里,他看见炉子上有一个水壶。不久,水壶里开始冒出水蒸气,水壶盖在晃动。瓦特问水壶里有什么。他的祖母说:“水,我的孩子。”“但我知道里面有些东西。它把盖子推了上去,”瓦特说。他的祖母告诉他那只是蒸汽。他问祖母,“蒸汽是从哪里来的?”他的祖母说蒸汽来自热水。瓦特自言自语道:“蒸汽很强,它能推动东西。如果有更多的水,蒸汽就会更强。”后来,瓦特发明了第一台蒸汽机。
【1】句意:许多有用的机器是由发明家发明的。A. sent发送,派;B. made制造,做;C. invented发明;D. worked工作。根据句中inventor(发明家)结合句意可知选C。
【2】句意:这些机器极大地改变了世界。考查动词辨析。A. changed改变,实意动词;B. got变得,系动词;C. became成为,变得,系动词;D. was是,be动词。change the world:改变世界,结合句意和选项可知选A。
【3】句意:当他还是个孩子的时候,他喜欢问问题,他总是努力思考。考查动词辨析。A. playing玩;B. using使用;C. growing生长;D. thinking思考。短语be always doing sth.:总是做某事,表示表扬或批评。根据上文he liked to ask questions(他喜欢问问题)可知“他总是努力思考。”think hard:努力思考。结合选项可知选D。
【4】句意:一天,他和奶奶坐在厨房里,他看见炉子上有一个水壶。考查动词短语。A. look at看,强调看的动作,及物动词(后面要跟宾语);B. looked看,强调看的动作,不及物动词;C. saw看见,强调看的结果,及物动词(后面要跟宾语)。D. watch观看,一般指看连续的画面,像看电视演出电影等。本句是and连接的并列句,一般情况下and前后句子时态一致,and前是一般过去时,可知此句时态是一般过去时,A和D是一般现在时,可排除A和D。looked是不及物动词,不能跟名词,本句中跟名词a kettle,可知排除B。结合句意可知选C。
【5】句意:不久,水壶里开始冒出蒸汽,水壶的盖子开始晃动。考查介词辨析。A. at在,come at袭击…;B. out of自…离开,come out of:从…出来;;C. in在…里,come in:进来;D. out外面的,外出,come out:出来。结合句意可知选B。
【6】句意:但我知道里面有些东西。考查不定代词辨析。A. something某物,某东西,一般用于肯定句,或含情态动词的一般疑问句句中,希望肯定回答;B. nothing没有东西,无物;C. anything某物,任何东西,一般用于否定句或疑问句中;D. wind风。根据下文“It pushes the lid up(它把盖子往上推。)”可知此句意是“但我知道里面有些东西。”本句是肯定句故用something,选A。
【7】句意:蒸汽来自哪里?考查词义辨析。A. Where在哪里;B. Why为什么;C. Whether是否;D. When什么时候。短语come from:来自…,从…来,后面跟地方或来源,结合下文it came from hot water.(它来自热水。)可知“蒸汽来自哪里?”,故选A。
【8】句意:瓦特自言自语。考查代词。A. him他;B. herself她自己;C. himself他自己;D. her她。短语say to oneself:自言自语;say to sb.:对别人说。此处只有他自己可知是“瓦特自言自语。”可排除A和D,瓦特是男的,故用himself;选C。
【9】句意:如果有更多的水,蒸汽就会更强。考查形容词比较级。A. stronger更强壮;B. strong强壮的;C. weak弱的,虚弱的,无力的,软弱的;D. weaker更弱的。根据根据上文The steam is very strong.It can push things.(蒸汽很强,能推动东西。)和下文if there's more water(如果有更多的水)可知“蒸汽就会更强”;结合选项可知选A。
【10】句意:后来,瓦特努力使蒸汽为人们工作。考查动词形式。短语make sb. do sth.:使某人做某事;结合句意可知填work,故选C。
完形填空是一卷难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体,是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。 解题的方法第一要带着空通读文章,搞清事件发生的背景。本题主要考查词义辨析:名词辨析、形容词副词辨析、冠词辨析、介词连词辨析等,做此类型题时,要知道每一个词的意义,然后结合上下文背景语境,短语结合语境选择正确的选项。
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