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    【题目】阅读材料，回答下列问题。

    2011年10月31日全球人口的总数达到了70亿，而且人口都在不断的增长，有的地区增长快，有的地区增长慢。一个地区人口数量过多或多少，人口增长过快或过慢，都会成为人口问题。

    （1）人口增长过快或过慢，会出现什么问题？分别应该采取怎么措施？

    （2）为了解决不同的人口问题，国家实行不同的人口政策，其目的是为了什么？

    【答案】（1）人口增长过快时，会出现就业困难、居住条件差、交通压力增大、对粮食的需求量大等社会问题，应该控制人口数量。人口增长过慢时，会出现劳动力缺乏，国防兵源不足，老龄化严重等问题，应该鼓励生育、接纳移民。

    （2) 使人口增长与社会、经济的发展相适应，与环境、资源相协调。

    【解析】（1）人口增长过快时，会出现就业困难、居住条件差、交通压力增大、对粮食的需求量大等社会问题，应该控制人口数量。人口增长过慢时，会出现劳动力缺乏，国防兵源不足，老龄化严重等问题，应该鼓励生育、接纳移民。

    （2)目的是使人口增长与社会、经济的发展相适应，与环境、资源相协调。

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