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【题目】读黄河水系图,回答后面的问题。

(1)黄河发源于 山脉,注入 海。

(2)序号②是 平原,河段④由于泥沙淤积,河床抬高,很容易形成“ ”。

(3)治理甲区域生态环境问题的根本措施是 ,山脉乙的走向是

(4)列举黄河上游的主要问题:

【答案】(1)巴颜喀拉 渤

(2)河套 地上河

(3)在中游黄土高原地区开展水土保持综合治理(言之有理即可) 东北至西南

(4)气候干旱,草场退化,荒漠化严重,凌汛。

【解析】(1)黄河发源于青藏高原的巴颜喀拉山,注入渤海。

(2)序号②是河套平原,黄河下游流经的地形区是华北平原,成为举世瞩目“地上河”,原因是黄河从中游黄土高原带来大量的泥沙进入下游,下游流速减慢,地势低平,泥沙堆积,河床抬高,成为举世瞩目的地上河。

(3)黄土高原地区最突出的生态问题就是水土流失,治理方法主要是植树种草,大力加强植被保护,保持水土。

(4)黄河上游,土地荒漠化严重,农业用水过多;中游水土流失严重;下游出现地上河,水旱灾害频发。

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