【题目】地球仪和地图是学习地理的工具,是地理信息的载体。在教室里,有的同学在看地图,有的同学就有关地球和地图的知识向老师请教。据此并依照下图回答有关问题。(5分)
(1)看地图的同学,观察的是( )
A.法国地形图
B.俄罗斯矿产图
C.中国政区图
D.美国交通图
(2)地球仪上可以画出多少条纬线和经线? _______
(3)在地球仪上,可以“坐地日行八万里”的纬线是__________________。
(4)地球的自转方向是_____________,在北极上空观察地球的自转应是___________时针方向。
【答案】
(1)C
(2)无数
(3)赤道(或0°纬线)
(4)自西向东 逆
【解析】
试题分析:
(1)在庞大的地图家族中,有自然地图和社会经济地图。自然地图包括地形图、气候图、水文图、植被图等,社会经济地图包括工业图、农业图、商业图、交通图、人口分布图等。看地图的同学,观察的是中国政区图,故本题选C。
(2)在地球仪上垂直于地轴环绕地球仪一周的圆圈叫做纬线,所有纬线都互相平行,但长度不等,自赤道向南北两极逐渐递减,指示东西方向;连接南北两极的并同纬线垂直相交的半圆叫经线,所有的经线都等长,指示南北方向,地球仪上纬线和经线有无数条。
(3)现在人们对地球的形状已有了一个明确的认识:地球并不是一个正球体,而是一个两极稍扁,赤道略鼓的不规则球体。经过测量,地球的极半径为6357千米,赤道半径为6378千米,地球的平均半径为6371千米,最大周长约4万千米,地球表面积为5.1亿平方千米。在地球仪上,可以“坐地日行八万里”的纬线是赤道(或0°纬线)。
(4)地球不停地围绕地轴自西向东自转,如果我们站在北极上空俯视地球呈逆时针方向,站在南极上空俯视地球呈顺时针方向。
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