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【题目】读图,完成下面小题。

1澳大利亚的人口和城市主要分布在( )

A.东南沿海B.西南沿海

C.内陆地区D.北部地区

2澳大利亚的人口与城市集中分布于此的原因有( )

①地形平坦②水源充足③气候干旱④工农业发达

A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④

【答案】

1A

2C

【解析】

澳大利亚是南半球经济最发达的国家。人口和城市主要分布在东南沿海地区,这里气候适宜、交通便利、开发的历史悠久,经济发达。首都堪培拉是一座经过规划建设的城市,环境优美,悉尼是全国最大的工业中心和港口城市,墨尔本是全国第二大城市。

1据图可知,澳大利亚首都堪培拉,全国第一大城市悉尼和第二大城市墨尔本都位于东南沿海地区,全国82%的人口分布在东南沿海地区。故选:A

2据图可知,澳大利亚大部分地区高温干旱,东南沿海地处亚热带和温带,受来自海洋的湿润气流影响,气候温暖湿润。只有在东南沿海气候适宜,这一带对外联系便利,开发历史最早,工农业比较发达,所以人口和城市主要分布在东南沿海地区。故选:C

本题主要考查澳大利亚的人口和城市的分布,理解解答即可。

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