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【题目】 黄河是中华文明的摇篮,但又被称为“中国的忧患”,结合所学知识完成下面小题。

1黄河河水含沙量大的主要原因是( )

A.沿岸工业发达,污染严重B.黄土高原植被破坏,水土流失严重

C.过度抽取河水,带走泥沙D.水中行船多,搅动河沙

2黄河下游出现“人在水下走,船在天上行”,这现象说明( )

A.黄河形成地上河B.我国发射宇宙飞船

C.人们的美好愿望D.海市蜃楼,船影在天上

【答案】

1B

2A

【解析】

1

黄河中游穿行于土质疏松、植被稀少的黄土高原。在夏季暴雨的冲刷下,黄土高原水土流失严重,有无定河、汾河、渭河等支流汇入,随着流量的不断增加,河水的含沙量也急剧上升。进入黄河的泥沙近90%来自于中游流域。结合题意。故选B。

2

黄河中游流经黄土高原,由于水土流失严重,河流泥沙大增,下游在华北平原上,河床宽坦,水流缓慢,泥沙大量淤积,使河床抬高,成为举世闻名的地上河。““人在水下走,船在天上行”是对“地上河”现象的生动描述。故选A。

本题考查黄河各河段特征。

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