C
分析:本题应对代数式进行化简,得出含有x-y的式子,再将x-y=1代入即可.
解答:x4-xy3-x3y-3x2y+3xy2+y4
=(x4-xy3)+(y4-x3y)+(3xy2-3x2y)
=x(x3-y3)+y(y3-x3)+3xy(y-x)
=(x3-y3)(x-y)-3xy(x-y)
=(x-y)(x3-y3-3xy)
=(x-y)[(x-y)(x2+xy+y2)-3xy]
把x-y=1代入得,
原式=1×[1×(x2+xy+y2)-3xy]
=x2-2xy+y2=(x-y)2
∵x-y=1,
∴原式=1.
故选C.
点评:本题考查了因式分解的应用;解题的关键是整体代换的思想.