[例3]
Do animals have a culture? What do we mean by “culture”？Recently social scientists have begun to ask if culture is found just in humans,or if some animals have a culture,too. When we speak of culture,we mean a way of life that a group of people have in common. Culture is the forms of behavior (行为) that help people to live together. It is also the forms of behavior that make one group of people different from another group.
Human beings use tools,cooperate with one another,and communicate with languages. But these aspects (方面) of human behavior,or “culture,can also be found in the lives of certain a-nimals. Animals can make tools,for example. We used to think that the ability to use tools was the dividing line between human beings and other animals. Lately,however,we have found that this is not the case. Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) can not only use tools but actually make tools themselves. Animals can also share knowledge with each other and use their own language to com- j municate. So it may be important for us to know that the line dividing us from animals is not as clear as we used to think. (2012山西C篇)
()l. According to the article ,“culture” means .
A. the languages we learn
B. the good habits we share with each other
C. the forms of behavior we have in common
() 2. From the fact that chimpanzees can use and make tools,we know .
A. animals may have a culture like our own
B. animals can be as clever as human beings
C. animals have the ability to help human beings
() 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A. Chimpanzees never help each other.
B. Animals use their own language to communicate.
C. People from different places have the same culture.
() 4. The traditional idea about dividing animals from human beings is that .
A. human beings can use tools
B. human beings can depend on each other
C. human beings have the language to communicate
() 5. The main idea of the article is that .
A. the animal culture is different from the human culture
B. knowledge and communication are no longer signs of only human behavior
C. the line dividing human culture from animal culture is not as dear as we might think
分析：1.选 推理判断题。在第一段中关于culture作者用了下定义的方法解释。“When we speak of culture,we mean a way of life that a group of people have in common. Culture is the forms of behavior (行为) that help people to live together. It is also the forms of behavior that make one group of people different from another group."
2. 选 推理判断题。在推理的时候要关注表示作者观点的词，尤其是表示转折的连词“ however,it is important that. 从原文中“Lately, however,we have found that this is not the case. So it may be important for us to know that the line dividing us from animals is not as clear as we used to think. ”可以推测出答案。
3. 选 细节理解题。从原文中最后一段“Animals can also share knowledge with each other and use their own language to communicate. ”可以得出答案。
4. 选 细节理解题。这里要注意词的转化。问题中用的是“the traditional idea”，在原文中是没有原词出现的，需要考生注意到“We used to think”同义词的替换
5. 选 主旨大意题。在寻找主旨句时候考生要注意到表示作者论点的句子多出现在句首或句末，本文通过大猩猩的例子，论证出动物和人的区别也未必就是会使用工具，因为文章最后一句为主旨句。
科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
Ⅶ.阅读理解(二) (每小题2分，共10分)
阅读下面图文，简要回答所给问题。
Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical high school and its students.
A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about 1,500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school,they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive,students would rather borrow than buy them. Students must pay back if they lose any of them.
American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years of age,most take a 什ee driving class at school for one term. If students get passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver's exam,they can begin driving themselves to school.
Each day,students take six or seven classes. They must take science,maths,English and social studies. They can choose art,homemaking,clothes making and other classes. In some schools students are asked to take one or more of the following special classes：health education,physical education or foreign language studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes,to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.
The school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students take part in after-school activities. These activities include sports—especially football,basketball,baseball and soccer or clubs,such as yearbook,speech,school newspaper,and photography and student government.
1. How many students are there in the typical American school?
2. Does each of the students have a locker at school?
3. What subjects must they study?
4. What do they do after school?
5. What can you learn about the American school life from the passage? (At least 2 points)
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
() 8. — Excuse me,could you please tell me ?
一OK. It's on the Main Street.(2015贵阳)
A. where was the supermarket
B. where is the supermarket
C. where the supermarket is
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
B Miss Evans was going to give a lecture on Friday afternoon. But on Thursday night she was told that she had to go to an important meeting the next day at the same time. “No one can be in two places at the same time. What shall I do?” she thought. But soon,she had an idea. At five to three on Friday afternoon,Miss Evan went to the lecture room. There were twenty students waiting for her. “I'm sorry ,” she told them ,“I wort be able to give my lecture today. ” The students looked surprised. Miss Evans explained!that she had an important meeting. “However,”she went on ,“though I can't be with you myself,my voice can." Then she put a small tape recorder on the desk, “You see,I've recorded my lecture and you can listen to it without me."Miss Evans turned on the recorder and left.
The meeting ended a little early. Miss Evans decided to go back to her students. She stood for a moment outside the lecture room,listening to her own voice. Then quickly,she opened the door. To her surprise,the room was empty. As she looked around,she saw a number of small recorders “listening” to her lecture!
“Well ,” she thought, “ if I can be in two places at the same time,why can't they?”
() 51. Miss Evans had to on Friday af- temoon.
A. give a lecture and record
B. go to a meeting and record
C. give a lecture and go to a meeting
() 52. The students were surprised to know Miss Evans .
A. would have a meeting
B. couldn’t give a lecture
C. had recorded her voice
() 53. Miss Evans recorded her lecture so that while she was away.
A. the students could listen to it
B. the students could do the same
C. she could listen to her own voice
() 54. When she returned from the meeting,Miss Evans found her lecture.
A. every student recording
B. all her students listening to
C. her students had left some recorders recording
() 55. Miss Evans thought it was .
A. nice of her students to leave so many recorders
B. all right for her students to do the same as she did
C. wrong for her students to be absent from the lecture
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
() 29. To protect our environment,we should plant more trees to the wind.
A. hang out
B. keep out
C. give out
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
() 1 Julia is at Roosevelt. She wants to go to Baseball Field. She should change lines at .
A. Grand B. Cliton
C. Reno D. Randolph
() 2. Louis is going to Medical Centre from Damen. He should get off at the
stop.
A. third B. fourth
C. fifth D. sixth
() 3. To go to Airport 什om Youth Centre,you should take underground lines in this or-der: .
A. Blue Line—Green Line—>Red Line
B. Red Line—Green Line—>Blue Line
C. Blue Line—Red Line—>Green Line
D. Red Line—Blue Line—>Green Line (2015苏州)
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
2
We all know that exercise is good for your health. But some kinds of exercise may be better than others. Running,for example,may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems. Running may also help you live longer.
Recently,researchers studied more than 55,000 adults. About a quarter of the adults have a good habit of running. The study found these runners were much healthier than non-runners. In fact,the runners live,on average (平均) ，three years longer than then on-runners.
Running may be good exercise,but it can be difficult on the body. Here are commonly shared ideas among fitness experts (健身专家) to lower the risk of injury (受伤) for people who are new to running.
Take it easy.
Do not run too much,too soon or too fast. Most people get running injuries when they push themselves too hard. The body needs time to get used to increases in distance (里程) or speed.
Get good running shoes.
There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoe that offers the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly,you should have a new pair of shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.
Take good notes.
Take time after each run to write down notes about what you did and how you felt.
Look for things that happen again and again. For example,you may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes. But perhaps you feel great when you have a rest between running days. These notes will help you make the best plan for running.
() 1. The writer wants to tell us in the first paragraph
A. good health comes from running
B. running is the best exercise
C. health problem can be solved by good exercise
D. not all exercise is equally (同样的) good
() 2. In the second paragraph,we know
A. a good habit of running may help you live longer
B. the number of non-runners was getting smaller
C. three quarters of 55,000 adults were new to running
D. the hope to live three years longer drives people to exercise
() 3. Increases in distance or speed depend on
A. what the fitness experts say
B. whether you have the best shoes
C. how your body feels
D. why you start running
() 4. The purpose of taking notes is to .
A. remind you of where to have new shoes
B. help you find the way of running that fits you
C. take a rest between running days
D. help you do some research on exercise
() 5. The passage is written to .
A. provide information for the researchers to work better
B. warn the non-runners of the dangers in running
C. help runners to exercise in a scientific way
D. encourage as many people as possible to join in running (2015湖北宜昌)
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
Have you ever wanted to achieve something really amazing in life? Well,Greg Mortenson wanted to climb a mountain,but he ended up helping thousands of people to have a better life.
Greg's story began with failure. In 1993,he set out to climb K2,the world's second highest mountain. But Greg never made it to the top. After five days,he stumbled (踉跄) into the village of korphe in northern Pakistan,injured (受伤) and hungry. The kind villagers there looked after him for several days.
Greg saw that the villagers were very poor and hungry,and some of them were ill. Also,the village school didn't have a roof (屋顶) and the children wrote on the ground with sticks. Greg knew he wanted to do something to help. “ I'll build you a school,” he told the villagers. “I promise. ”
Greg went back home to the USA to raise money for the school. He even lived in the car to save money!Finally he went back to Korphe and built the school. But this was just the beginning of something bigger!Since then,Greg's organization has built around 80 schools and mns many others in Pakistan and other countries,too.
Greg hasn’t finished yet He does many other things to help people in poor countries. He has got many prizes,but ifs the smiles of the children he has helped that makes him happy!
Greg has just written a best-selling book about his story called Three Cups of Tea. It's an interesting and exciting book which tells us what ordinary (普通的) people can do with courage and determination (决心) ！
() 1. What was wrong with Greg when he got to the village for the first time?
A. He fell ill.
B. He was badly hurt and hungry.
C. He lost his way.
D. He failed in his business.
() 2. How did Greg keep his promise to build a school?
A. He raised and saved money.
B. He did business to make money.
C. He wrote a book to sell for money.
D. He borrowed money from his fiends.
() 3. What does the underlined word “this”refer to?
A. Saving money.
B. Living in the car.
C. Raising money.
D. Building the school.
() 4. Whafs the main idea of this passage?
A. Building schools can help people to have a better life.
B. We have to do something in return to those who help us.
C. Ordinary people can make a difference to peopled lives.
D. Climbing mountains is a good start to help poor people.
(2015江西)
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：
28
Years ago,while I lived in England,part of my college task was to help the children with special needs. I was chosen to 1 in a school with disabled children. The teacher asked me to 2 Nancy,a ten-year-old girl. One of 3 hands could not move. At her school the teachers would think it was an achievement 4 she was able to put on her own coat. But I saw more in her. She had always wanted to put a string 5 the hole of a key.
For the 5 years Nancy was in the school,the teachers always 6 to help her,but always ended up doing all the work for her. I knew Nancy could do 7 so I encouraged her to do something herself. At first Nancy often failed and got very 8 Sometimes I wanted to give up too. 9 after a week Nancy was able to do 10 she had wanted to do alone for so many years. Her teachers cried 11 when they saw the thing she was able to do with just some encouragement.
Disabled people should 12 be told they can't do this or that. With just some encouragement they can do it. The look 13 that girl's face when she was able to do it herself meant 14 to me. I hope everyone will encourage people to do all they want by themselves 15 telling them they can't do it.
() 1. A. read B. study
C. work D. visit
() 2. A. look after B. look for
C. look at D. look over
() 3. A. his B. her
C. my D. your
() 4. A. before B. through
C. if D. until
() 5. A. through B. across
C. over D. into
() 6. A. failed B. refused
C. agreed D. tried
() 7. A. less B. more
C. nothing D. anything
() 8. A. excited B. pleased
C. unsafe D. unhappy
() 9. A. And B. However
C. But D. So
() 10. A. which B. that
C. what D. how
() 11. A. in danger B. in fear
C. with care D. with joy
() 12. A. never B. always
C. often D. sometimes
() 13. A. of B. in
C. on D. at
() 14. A. the earth B. the sun
C. the moon D. the world
() 15. A. instead of B. because
C. together with D. more than
(2014江苏淮安)
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