Question

【题目】

Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him today.

Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only three. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.

Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.

Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something valuable to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”

He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled（困惑的）. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”

Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners（举止）.” A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said.

【1】Today we still remember Confucius because .

A. he lived a poor life in his childhood

B. he had wise thoughts about the world and society

C. he traveled with his students from state to state

D. he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period

【2】Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports as a child.

A. by teaching himself at homeB. with the help of his mother

C. by going to schoolD. by visiting many famous teachers

【3】The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to .

A. poorB. brightC. richD. cute

【4】The correct order of the following sentences is .

① Confucius worked to help his mother as a child.

② Confucius had about 3,000 students in his lifetime

③ Confucius’ father died.

④ Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history.

A. ③①④②B. ②③④①C. ①③②④D. ④③①②

【5】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.

B. No one has something worthy to be learned.

C. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.

D. A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】A

【5】B

【解析】

本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述伟大的教育家、思想家孔子，并且讲述他的思想对当今社会仍有教育意义。

【1】细节理解题。根据Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society可知，他对世界和社会有着明智的思想，故选B。

【2】细节理解题。根据He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports可知，他通过拜访许多著名的老师学习音乐、历史、诗歌和体育，故选D。

【3】词义猜测题。根据At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn可知，孔子相信如果他们想学，每个人都应该去上学，而不是仅仅贵族家的孩子才能上学，所以noble译为“富裕的”，故选C。

【4】细节理解题。根据His father died when he was only three、As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying、Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history以及He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime可知，他三岁时，父亲去世，当他小的时候帮父亲工作、随后他创办了中国历史上第一个公立学校，最后讲述他的一生有3000多个学生。故选A。

【5】细节理解题。根据All study but no thinking makes people puzzled、All thinking but no study makes people lazy以及A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others可知，文章中没有提到B项，故选B

解答词义猜测题时，可以使用如下技巧：1、根据上下文来猜测词义；2、通过同义词或近义词来猜测词义；3、通过构词法来猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义来猜测词义；5、通过句法功能来猜测词义；6、通过转折和因果关系来猜测词义；7. 通过生活常识来猜测词义。对于这类题采取“代入法”也非常有效，即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一个选项就是该题的正确答案。例如第3题。