Now satellites are helping to forecast the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere（大气）, because this is where the weather forms. They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists（气象学家）can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.
Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this.
So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead（提前）.
【小题1】Satellites travel _____________.
| A．in space | B．in the atmosphere | C．above the ground | D．above space |
| A．the weather satellites can do it easily | B．clouds form in the atmosphere there |
| C．the weather forms in the atmosphere | D．the pictures can forecast the weather |
| A．when they have received satellite pictures |
| B．after comparing the pictures with earlier ones |
| C．before they received satellite pictures |
| D．while they study satellite pictures |
| A．taking pictures of the atmosphere | B．receiving pictures of the atmosphere |
| C．doing other work in many ways | D．weather forecasting to the pictures |
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
解析试题分析：文章主要讲了气象学家是如何利用气象卫星进行天气预报的。
【小题1】根据第一段第二句They are in space可知卫星是在太空中的，所以本题选A。
【小题2】通过文章第三句The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere（大气）, because this is where the weather forms.可知天气形成于大气层，所以本题选C。
【小题3】通过文章第二段第二句When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones.可知气象学家在比较之后才报天气。所以本题选B。
【小题4】通过阅读可知本文主要讲了卫星通过拍照来预测天气预报，所以本题选D。
考点：本题考查科普类文章
点评：本题的考查的题目，源于文章，但又必须通过阅读，对文章加以理解方能得出答案，故本题有一定的难度。所以对于本文，应该充分阅读，尽可能从总体上把握文章的大意，还应该结合一些生活常识。
科目：初中英语 来源：2013届江苏省盐城市阜宁县东沟中学九年级下学期期中考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries slowly.
You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules: 1) Rest your wrists on something. 2) Keep your elbows (肘部） at the same height as the keyboard. 3) Stop something and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms（前臂）, wrists, hands and the upper（上部） part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and necks.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
【小题1】A computer screen may injure your eyes if __________.
| A．you sit 60 centimeters away |
| B．you remember to look away |
| C．your eyes are too close to it |
| D．the window is on your left or your right |
| A．get plenty of exercise |
| B．move in the same way again and again |
| C．rest your wrists on something |
| D．keep your elbows as high as the keyboard |
| A．you work near a window |
| B．you often take a rest from working |
| C．you use a keyboard for a long time |
| D．the window is behind you |
| A．in the right way |
| B．for many hours |
| C．with the screen below your eyes |
| D．with your back leaning forward |
| A．How to protect your eyes |
| B．How to protect your hands and wrists |
| C．How to use a computer safely |
| D．How to protect your back |
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Soon computers and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes! The program works because everyone’s eyes are different. So in the future you won’t have to remember a number when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank. You’ll just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are.
The eye-recognition(眼睛识别) program is already being tested in shops and banks in the USA, Britain and France. Soon, this technology(技术) will change all other ways of finding out who people are.
However, scientists are working on other systems. Machines will soon be able to know you from the shape of your face or hands or even your smell! We already have machines that can tell who you are from your voice or the mark made by your fingers.
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In the future your computer will be looking at you in the eye. So smile!
【小题1】What is the advantage of using the eye-recognition program?
| A．You needn’t use a machine. |
| B．You needn’t remember a number. |
| C．You needn’t look at the machine. |
| D．You needn’t take some money with you. |
| A．You type in your number. | B．You show your ID card. |
| C．You look at the machine. | D．You say your name. |
| A．Because eyes hardly change. |
| B．Because hands or fingers can get dirty. |
| C．Because people like the idea of the program. |
| D．Because the program is widely used around the world. |
| A．Remembering eyes. |
| B．Remembering smells. |
| C．Remembering fingerprints. |
| D．Remembering the shape of faces. |
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How dangerous it would be if there was a fire! Winter is the time for us to learn a lot more about fire, especially what to do if we are caught in a fire.
| 1. Shout out If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out “Fire!” Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep. |
| 2. Call 119 Never try to put out the fire yourself, even if it is a very small one! Get help from your parents or call 119. |
| 3. Keep down close to the floor If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor. |
| 4. Test the door Test the door before you open it. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find a different way out. |
| 5. Get out If you can, get out of your home as soon as possible. |
| 6. Don’t use the lift Never use the lift during the fire. It may also go wrong. |
| 7. Don’t go back Never go back into a burning building! |
| A．how to look after yourself when you are on fire |
| B．what to do when you are caught in a fire |
| C．when to leave the burning place |
| D．why to call 119 when there is a fire |
| A．Call 120 for help as quickly as you can |
| B．Only wake your parents up fast |
| C．Shout out “Fire!” as loudly as you can |
| D．Run away as fast as you can and don’t call others |
| A．Because taking the lift is so slow | B．Because the fire can burn you |
| C．Because the lift is too crowded | D．Because the lift may not work |
| A．find a different way out | B．notice the fire clearly |
| C．call for a much quicker help | D．see if it is close |
| A．go back for it | B．keep down close to the door |
| C．not get out | D．not go back for it |
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If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering(不开花的) plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds(种子). The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
Most non-flowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(孢子). Spores are very, very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady(阴凉的) places, they usually grow into new plants.
【小题1】What fact does the passage lead you to believe?
| A．Of all living things, animals are most important. |
| B．Spores are seeds. |
| C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds. |
| D．Without plants, man will die out. |
| A．how plants can make food from air |
| B．how spores grow into new plants |
| C．why some plants have no seeds |
| D．why non-flowering plants are more important than flowering plants |
| A．a story book | B．a novel |
| C．a science magazine | D．a laboratory report |
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Scientists also say that sharks would not waste energy trying to eat a human, as we have a lot of bones (骨头). It is hard for a shark to eat us because sharks don’t have hands, and they can’t pull the meat off our bones. Maybe that’s why they only bite us once. Unluckily, one bite from a large shark is serious enough to hurt people greatly!
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Whatever the reason for shark attacks on humans, sharks should be afraid of us. Sadly, we kill almost 40 million of them each year.
【小题1】What happens to people attacked by sharks?
| A．Most of them because blind. | B．Most of them because of deaf. |
| C．Most of them died. | D．Most of them are still alive. |
| A．By biting. | B．By smelling. |
| C．By touching. | D．By killing. |
| A．Sharks pull meat off bones when they eat. |
| B．Sharks might mistake humans for seals. |
| C．Sharks like to attack surfers because of their thick fat. |
| D．One bite from a shark is nothing serious. |
| A．To tell surfers to stay away from sharks. |
| B．To ask people to stop killing sharks. |
| C．To let us know the reasons for shark attacks on people. |
| D．To show that humans are much stronger than sharks. |
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China Pavilion is in the center of the expo garden. It is very beautiful. It represents the development of China from ancient time to now. It’s a pride of our China!
Thousands of people from all over the world are coming to the expo every day. And many volunteers are working for them. All the tourists are very pleased and they say that the Shanghai World Expo is the greatest one in the world so far.
However, Zhao said, “The expo garden is now so crowded. If you want to visit it, you’d better go there during the summer vacation.”
【小题1】The main idea of the Shanghai World Expo is “______”
| A．Better City, Better Life. | B．How to Protect the Environment. |
| C．No War in the World. | D．No Earthquake. |
| A．China Pavilion. | B．the Oil Pavilion. |
| C．the South Korea Corporate Pavilion. | D．I don’t know. |
| A．For 20 days. | B．For a month. | C．For four weeks. | D．For about 50 days. |
| A．150. | B．Less than 180. | C．242. | D．220 |
| A．Zhao Tao is a middle school student. | B．China’s new products are excellent. |
| C．The volunteers are working very hard. | D．The expo garden is now very crowded. |
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In the USA，every year，Thanksgiving Day is on the fourth Thursday of November．Because Canada (加拿大) is north of（在……北边） the USA，and is colder．The harvest （收获） comes earlier （更早）in the year．In Canada，people have Thanksgiving Day on the second Monday in October．
The harvest brings a lot of food to the people．On Thanksgiving Day people in Canada and America like to have a big meal with their friends and family just like Chinese people do at Mid—Autumn Festival．Many Canadians（加拿大人） and Americans put flowers．vegetables and fruits around their homes to say“Thank you”for the harvest．
At a Thanksgiving Day dinner，many Canadians and Americans will eat turkey，potatoes，and pumpkins pie．These are food like the food of many years ago．They are saying“Thank you”for the harvest that comes every year．
( )3．Which country has the Thanksgiving Day like the USA?
A．Japan． B．China． C．Canada． D．Korea．
( )4．In the USA，Thanksgiving is on the fourth Thursday of ．
A．January B．May C．November D．December
( )5．Canada has Thanksgiving earlier in the year because ．
A．they like flowers B．the harvest comes earlier
C．they have a big meal D．they want to be different
( )6．What do people usually say on Thanksgiving Day for the harvest?
A.Good morning． B．I’m hungry C．Hello． D．Thank you．
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科目：初中英语 来源：2012年初中毕业升学考试（湖南株洲卷）英语（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Long ago, people lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants and they didn’t need to use money.
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During the 600s BC, people began using coins as money. Because they were easier to carry than goods(货物), countries began to make coins as their money.
The Chinese were the first to use paper money, probably in the 11th century. An Italian traveler, Marco Polo, saw the Chinese use paper money when he visited China in the 1200s. After his travel, he told the western people what he saw. But European countries didn’t start using paper money till the1600s.
Today we have many ways to pay for things, such as coins, paper money and cards. Some prefer to pay by card. That’s because paying with a card is easier and safer than carrying around a lot of “real” money.
【小题1】People began to use money because they ______.
A. lived on plants B. raised animals C. needed to trade
【小题2】People used ______ as money during the 600s BC.
A. shells B. coins C. cards
【小题3】Which country used paper money first?
A. Japan. B. USA. C. China.
【小题4】The passage tells us the ______ of money
A. history B. use C. collection
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