Question

【题目】根据短文内容，按要求完成下列各题。

It is a big job to take away a city’s rubbish. Every day trucks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we can’t eat or use. If we kept these things, we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.

In most cities, the rubbish is collected and taken outside of cities to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system (污水系统). The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.

To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbishfilled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you’d never know that this was once an old rubbish dump.

In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal. Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus (腐殖质), which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.

1题完成句子；2～3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中划线句子译成汉语。

【1】People often put the city dumb in a place where the ground is low or there is _________.

【2】Why do people use some earth to cover the newly dumped rubbish?

______________________________________________________________________

【3】What can the food parts of rubbish change into?

______________________________________________________________________

【4】______________________________________________________________

【5】_____________________________________________________________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】a big hole

【2】Because they want to keep mice and flies away. / To keep mice and flies away.

【3】The food parts of rubbish can change into something called humus./ The food parts of rubbish can change into humus./ Humus.

【4】It is a big job to take away a city’s rubbish.

【5】如果我们保存这些东西，很快我们就会有一座垃圾山。

【解析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要谈到了城市垃圾的处理问题，详细介绍了城市垃圾的一些常见处理方法。

【1】

根据第二段“Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole” 可知垃圾都是放在低地或大坑里面。故答案为a big hole。

【2】

根据第三段“To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish”为了赶走老鼠和苍蝇，用土覆盖新的垃圾堆。故答案为：Because they want to keep mice and flies away. / To keep mice and flies away.

【3】

根据最后一段“The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus”可知食物部分被变成腐殖质。故答案为：The food parts of rubbish can change into something called humus./ The food parts of rubbish can change into humus./ Humus.

【4】

全文主要讲述城市垃圾的处理问题，主题句是第一句话“It is a big job to take away a city’s rubbish” 带走城市的垃圾是一件巨大的工程。故答案为：It is a big job to take away a city’s rubbish.

【5】

划线的句子“If we kept these things, we would soon have a mountain of rubbish”是if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟，从句主语是we我们，动词是kept保存，宾语是these things这些东西；主句的主语是we我们，动词是would soon have很快将有，宾语是a mountain of rubbish一座垃圾山。故答案为：如果我们保存这些东西，很快我们就会有一座垃圾山。