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--Could you please _____ in the room?

--Oh, I’m sorry.

A. not smoking B. not smoke

C. not to smoke D. don’t smoke

B

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---请你不要在房间抽烟好吗?---哦,对不起。“Could you please do sth?”表示有礼貌地提出请求做某事,当要表示请求别人不做某事时,应表达为:Could you please not do sth。结合选项可知应选B。

考点:考查固定句型。

考点分析: 考点1:句子的成分 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。
1)主语:是一句的主体,是全句述说的对象,常用名词,数词或代词担任,一般放于句首。
如: Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 
这两句话中单词students是个名词,we是代词,它们在句中做主语。
2)谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。
如: Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 
这两句话中单词study和are都是动词,study叫做实意动词,are叫做be动词,它们在句中作谓语。 
3)宾语:表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如: They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 
这两句话中单词teachers是名词,单词him是带词,它们在句中作宾语。 
4)定语:是用来说明或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前,相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。
如: This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.(他是个高个子男孩。) 
这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词,它们作定语。
5)状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前,也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
如: The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 
这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词,第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词,它们都作状语。 
6)表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如:This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 
通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语,谓语前的成分是状语,时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下: 
(定语) 主语 (状语) 谓语 (定语) 宾语 (状语) 如:(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 
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