Question

【题目】阅读短文，根据短文内容，从方框中选择五个选项分别填入空白处，使其文理通顺，并将答题卡上该选项涂黑。

If you argue with your friend, will you forgive him or her? Most people prefer to forgive others, according to the Daily Mail.

Researchers from Yale University, the University of Oxford and University College London have found that we tend to (倾向于) believe that people are good at heart, even when they have behaved badly. 【1】.

【2】. The strangers were told that they would receive money if they shocked another person with electricity. The “good” stranger refused the deal and the “bad” one accepted it.

The participants were then asked to judge (评价) the strangers based on their decisions. 【3】. But they were not confident that the “bad” stranger was truly bad. If they then saw the bad person do something good, they were more likely to have a positive impression of him or her.【4】. In addition, people are more likely to believe someone is innocent (无辜的), rather than guilty.

This tendency can help us develop and keep healthy social relationships. Sometimes, people behave badly by accident. 【5】. But what happens if it is found later that this person is not truly bad? We may have lost a good friend or partner, Molly Crockett from Yale University told the Daily Mai.

A.Scientists believe that it is human nature to see the best in others.

B.Forgiving someone is the best way to build healthy relationships.

C.But we might get a bad impression of them anyway and therefore end our relationship with them.

D.And when these “bad people” do something nice, people will be likely to forgive their previous (之前的) mistakes and have a positive opinion of them.

E.They reported having a positive impression of the “good” stranger.

F.In an experiment, more than 1,500 participants (参与者) were asked to watch two strangers.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】F

【3】E

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了研究表明人性本善，即使对方的行为举止很糟糕，但是很多人内心觉得对方的本性是善良的。

【1】联系上文“London have found that we tend to (倾向于) believe that people are good at heart, even when they have behaved badly.”伦敦已经发现，我们会倾向于认为人的本性都是善良的，即使他们都表现得很糟糕。可知，空格句子的意思是指这些表现糟糕的人的表现。选项D的意思是当这些坏人做一些好事时，人们会原谅他们之前的错误，对他们有一个积极的看法。符合句意。故选D。

【2】联系下文“The strangers were told that they would receive money if they shocked another person with electricity.”这些陌生人被告知，如果他们用电电击另一个人，就可以得到钱。可知，空格句子的意思是和这些陌生人有关的一个实验。选项F的意思是在一个实验中，超过1500名参与者被要求观看两个陌生人。符合语境。故选F。

【3】联系上文“The participants were then asked to judge (评价) the strangers based on their decisions.” 随后参与者被要求去评价这些陌生人基于他们的决定。再联系下文“But they were not confident that the “bad” stranger was truly bad.”但他们不相信这个坏陌生人真的是坏的。可知，空格句子的意思是对这些陌生人的评价是好的。选项E的意思是他们说对这个“好”的陌生人有一个积极的印象。符合语境。故选E。

【4】联系上文“If they then saw the bad person do something good, they were more likely to have a positive impression of him or her.”如果他们看到坏人做了好事，他们更有可能对他或她有一个积极的印象。再联系下文“In addition, people are more likely to believe someone is innocent (无辜的), rather than guilty.”此外，人们更容易相信别人是无辜的，而不是有罪的。可知，空格句的意思是指人们相信别人好的原因。选项A的意思是科学家们相信，人性中总能看到别人最好的一面。符合语境。故选A。

【5】联系上文“Sometimes, people behave badly by accident.”有时，人们会不小心做出不好的行为。再联系下文“But what happens if it is found later that this person is not truly bad?”但如果后来发现这个人并不是真的坏会怎么样呢？可知，空格句子的意思对他人不好行为的一个看法。选项C的意思是但不管怎样，我们可能会对他们留下不好的印象，从而结束与他们的关系。符合句意。故选C。