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    You know, having a dangerous medical situation will happen during all of our lives. What I want to talk about is how to stop a bleeding nose.

    The first step is to have the person sit quietly while you perform the steps of stopping the bleeding nose. Soft paper can be placed into the two holes at the end of your nose that is bleeding. Make sure that you don't place too much soft paper in, as you may not feel comfortable when you move the soft paper away from the holes in the nose.

    Then hold your nose together between your thumb and finger at the cartilage（软骨）area where the bridge of the nose is hard. That will make less blood move to the holes in the nose. After five minutes to twenty minutes, the nosebleed should come to a stop. After the nosebleed stops, the soft paper can be moved away. Another way that commonly works is to place a piece of ice under the lip between the gum（牙龈）and the lip, as this will reduce the size of the blood vessels（血管）leading to the nose. If it is too late to take any action, the head should be raised where blood can be moved from the hole in the nose to the stomach area.

    I'm Joe Bruni. Stay safe, and come to see me if you are in trouble with healthy problems.

    根据短文内容,回答下列问题。

    1.What is the first step to stop a bleeding nose?

    2.Which part of the nose should be held tightly（紧紧地）?

    3.When will the nosebleed come to a stop?

    4.What else can you do to stop a bleeding nose?

    5.What does Joe Bruni probably do?

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