Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are.
When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, it's __1___ to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China it's OK to __2__ a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isn't noisy and __3___, you may think there is something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are __4___ places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there might even __5___ to the owner of the restaurant.
Paying the bill is also different from country to country. In China，one person usually pays for __6__. In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients（宴请宾客）， but when friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called doing Dutch(均摊费用). Also, when westerners pay the __7__ , they usually leave some money for the__8___. This is called “Leaving a tip”. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the U.S., it's __9___ to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is. Good waiters can make a lot of money!
The food people eat is different in the world, but you can find the same kind of food in many countries. Chinese and Italian food, for example, are __10__ all over the world.
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| 【小题5】 |
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| 【小题6】 |
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| 【小题10】 |
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【小题1】C
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【小题6】A
【小题7】A
【小题8】C
【小题9】B
【小题10】B
解析试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了中美在饮食文化方面的一些不同特点。
【小题1】联系下文to know the right and wrong things to do描述，可知此处指的是知道做什么事情是正确的和错误的很重要。故选C，重要的。
【小题2】联系下文，可知此处指的是制造很多噪音，故选D，制造。
【小题3】联系前文，可知此处指的是如果一家饭店不热闹，故选A。生动的，热闹的。
【小题4】联系下文，可知此处指的是在许多西方国家，饭店是安静的，故选B，安静的。
【小题5】动词辨析。A. 喊叫；B. 解释；C. 抱怨；D. 问，要求。结合语境可知此处指的是顾客向饭店主人抱怨，故选C。
【小题6】结合常识及下文对西方人的描述，可知此处指的是一个人为大家付款，故选A，每个人。
【小题7】词义辨析。A.账单；B. 男服务员；C. 游客；D.事物；结合语境可知此处指的是付账单，故选A，账单。
【小题8】联系下文Good waiters can make a lot of money!，可知此处指的是留一些钱给服务员，故选C。
【小题9】形容词辨析。A.可怕地，令人讨厌的；B.普通的，一般的；C.严肃的，认真的；D.与众不同的，不平常的。结合语境可知此处指的是一般的付小费的数额是……，故选B。
【小题10】结合语境可知此处指的是他们在全世界都受欢迎，故选B。
考点：有关礼仪问题的说明文
点评：这篇短文内容比较简单，理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密，答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍，看看是否符合逻辑，适当修改。个别小题可以当作单独的词义辨析题来做，先区分词义，结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。
培优好卷单元加期末卷系列答案科目：初中英语 来源：2013-2014学年浙江省温州地区九年级上学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
New York City is a very large city with 8 million people. How do so many people move on their way to work and school?
In New York you can travel by subways, bus, taxi and private (私人的) car. The subway runs on the railroad lines under the city. It crosses the city at different points and goes to all parts of the city. Travelling by subway is the fastest way to get around the city.
The second way to travel is by bus. It is a slower way to travel.
You can also travel by taxi. This is very expensive, but the taxi will take you to every place you want to go to. If traffic is heavy, the taxi will be slow. During the mornings and afternoons, there is the “rush hour”. This is the time when the traffic is very heavy with people going to and from work..
The last way is to use your private car. It’s not good to drive during the “rush hour”. If there is an accident on the road, you will have to wait for a long time.
The best time to travel is from 9 a.m to 4.pm . Traffic will be less crowded during this time because most people are already at school or at work at that time.
1.How many ways of travelling are mentioned (提到) in the passage?
A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five
2.The word “rush hour” in Chinese means _____________.
A.高峰时间. B. 匆忙时间 C. 冲刺时间 D. 繁忙时间
3.From the last paragraph we know that in New York City ____________.
A. there is no “rush hour” from 9.am to 4 p.m.
B. traffic is heavy at noon.
C. most Americans have lunch at home.
D. people go to work and school at 9:00.
4.Why do so many people go to work or school by subway, taxi, bus and private car?
A. Because New York City is a modern city.
B. Because New York City is a very large city.
C. Because New York City is new.
D. Because the people in New York City are very busy.
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When I was a teenager growing up in Russia, I wanted to leave school and have my own life. The only way I could do this was to work in the local brick factory in my town, or get married. I was nervous when I told my father I wanted to leave school. I thought he would say, “No! You are going to college.” He took me by surprise when he said, “OK. We’ll go to the brick factory.”
Two days later, he took me to the factory. I had a very romantic idea of working in a factory. I had imagined everyone to be friends working together and having fun. I even imagined there would be music and singing. I guess I had watched too many movies as a teenager.
When we arrived at the factory gate, my father spoke to the guard and one minute later we were inside. My father said, “Take your time. Look around.” I walked around the factory looking at the building, the workers, and listening to the noise. It was horrible. I ran back to my father and said, “I want to go home.”
He asked me, “What do you think of the factory?”
“It’s terrible,” I replied.
“And marriage is even worse!” he said.
I went back to school the next day thinking about studying hard so I could get into a good college. I enjoyed studying English so I decided to major in languages at college. Thanks to my father and our trip to the brick factory, I now work at the United Nations and my father is very proud of me. I married a very good man and my life is much better than it would have been working in the factory!
1.The writer lived in when she was a teenager.
A. Russia B. Japan C. China
2.At first she thought life in the factory would be than in school.
A. more careful B. more colorful C. more beautiful
3.When she told her father that she wanted to leave school, he expressed his disagreement .
A. by doing nothing B. in a special way C. by saying nothing
4.After they visited the factory, the girl .
A. decided to work there B. decided to get married C. changed her mind
5.The underlined work “horrible” means “ ” in Chinese.
A. 糟糕的 B. 紧张的 C. 浪漫的
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科目：初中英语 来源：2014届江苏扬州梅岭中学八年级质量检测英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The Red Cross is an international organization. It cares for people who are in need of help. A man in Paris hospital needs blood, a woman in Mexico hurt in an earthquake and a family in India lost their home in a storm. All of them may be helped by the Red Cross. The Red Cross is in almost every country around the world. The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent（新月）. All of these agencies（机构）share a common goal of trying to help people in need. The idea of forming such an organization started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859, he saw how people were suffering during the war in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded （受伤害的） people regardless of（无论）which side they were fighting for. The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the people, such as helping people in need, teaching first aid and providing blood.
1.A good title for this passage is _______________.
A．People in Need of Help B．Forming an Organization to Help the Soldier
C．The International Red Cross D．Join the Red Cross
2.The underlined word “ suffering” means “___________”.
A．受苦的 B．生活的 C．欢庆的 D．喜悦的
3.Who can be helped by the Red Cross?
A．The soldiers. B．The American. C．All the wounded people. D．Anyone.
4.Where can you find the Red Cross?
A. We can only find it in the USA. B. We can find it all over the world.
C. We can find it only in India, Mexico and Paris. D. In the places with natural disasters.
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科目：初中英语 来源：2013年江苏省扬州市中考一模英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist .So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden .That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room .He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world .people took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was improved .Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things .That was not simple .The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people .The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike.
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world .They showed feelings like other kinds of art.
1. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________
A．his business B．his house C．his garden D．his window
2.The Daguerreotype was_______.
A．a Frenchman B．a kind of picture
C．a kind of camera D．a photographer
3.If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_____.
A．watch lots of films
B．buy an expensive camera
C．stop in most cities
D．take many films and something else.
4.This passage tells us_____________.
A．how photography was developed
B．how to show feelings in pictures
C．how to take pictures in the world
D．how to use different cameras
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科目：初中英语 来源：2014届辽宁大石桥水源二中初二上期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A friend of mine named Paul received（收到） an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present．On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office，a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car．“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked． Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas．”The boy was surprised（惊奇）．“You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything？Boy，I wish…”He hesitated(犹豫)．
Of course， Paul knew what he was going to wish for（希望）．He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,”the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that．”Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car？”
“Oh yes，I’d love that．”
After a short ride，the boy turned and with his eyes shining，said，“Paul，would you mind （介意）driving in front of my house？”
Paul smiled a little．He thought he knew what the boy wanted．He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are？ the boy asked．
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled（残疾的） brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent（美分）. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable（难忘的） holiday ride.
1.The street urchin was very surprised when ________．
A．Paul received an expensive car
B．Paul told him about the car
C．he saw the shining car
D．he was walking around the car
2.From the story we can see the urchin ________．
A．wished to give his brother a car
B．wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car
C．wished he could have a brother like Paul’s
D．wished Paul could be a brother like that
3.The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________．
A．to show his neighbours the big car
B．to show he had a rich friend
C．to let his brother ride in the car
D．to tell his brother about his wish
4.We can infer（推断）from the story that ________．
A．Paul couldn’t understand the urchin
B．the urchin had a deep love for his brother
C．the urchin wished to have a rich brother
D．the urchin’s wish came true in the end
5.The best name of the name story is _________．
A．A Christmas Present
B．A Street Urchin
C．A Brother Like That
D．An Unforgettable Holiday Ride
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