How would we travel without maps? It would be a bit adventurous (冒险的) to set off from Oxford University to go to London Bridge if there wasn't a map of the London Underground at each station. In fact, a lot of the early map-makers were adventurers and explorers, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries.
So what did people do before there were maps? Well, it was quite easy to use natural signs like mountains and rivers if you were travelling on foot or riding a horse. People took small boats down rivers and followed coastlines. And it was much more logical (合理的) to use time, not distance, to measure (计量) journeys: the next village is a three-hour ride, for example.
In fact, in the earliest maps, people didn't draw landmarks. They drew the stars. It was very easy to see the night sky and use it for navigation (航行). The sky was a lot clearer before the light pollution from cities that we have today. When towns and cities were built, people drew road maps which gave correct distances and directions.
The London Underground was opened in 1863 and it also used a road map style. But a man called Henry Beck realized that travelling by train wasn't the same as driving your car across London. Passengers only needed to know which stations to change at. His new design (设计) for the Underground map wasn't very popular with the train companies at first. But the passengers loved it and in 1933, 700,000 copies were printed.
These days, of course, you can ride a bike, drive a car or go through a forest and know where you are exactly, using a GPS. It's really difficult to get lost!
【小题1】What was drawn in the earliest maps?
| A．Stars. |
| B．Landmarks. |
| C．Cities and towns, |
| D．Mountains and rivers. |
| A．Around 15th and 16th centuries. |
| B．When people began to travel by train. |
| C．When people began to travel by sea. |
| D．When cities and towns appeared. |
| A．A GPS helped people to travel long time ago. |
| B．Ancient people could travel on a horse without maps. |
| C．The sky was polluted by light before cities were built. |
| D．Henry Beck's map wasn't popular with the passengers. |
| A．Maps have a long history. |
| B．We never get lost these days. |
| C．We can't travel without maps. |
| D．Henry Beck designed a new map. |
科目：初中英语 来源：2012-2013学年江苏泰兴实验初级中学七年级上学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：单选题
____________the gloves? They’ re very nice. They feel soft and smooth.
| A．What do you think of |
| B．What do you like |
| C．How do you do |
| D．How would you like |
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科目：初中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江苏省泰兴市实验中学初二下学期期中英语试卷（带解析） 题型：完型填空
Imagine a life without arms or legs! You can’t hold anyone without your 31 .You can’t walk anywhere without your feet. How would you last a day like that? Would you 32 at yourself in the mirror(镜子)like Nick Vujicic, the 29-year-old Australian?
Nick was born without limbs(四肢), so life was not 33 for him. At school many students played jokes on him. Because he looked different from everyone else. He was refused(拒绝)to be 34 friends, so he always felt 35 . However, he faced that bravely. He 36 to type and write with two toes at the age of six, and he could 37 surf and play golf. In college, he achieved great success and was among the excellent students in the studies. And he decided on what to do later in his life—to encourage others to work hard for their dreams.
Now Nick is one of the most popular 38 in the world. He travels to many countries and gives speeches about his story against difficulties. “Living life fully is about looking at what you 39 , not what you don’t have.” he said. His story encourages millions of people.
“I tell people to keep on getting up when they 40 and to always love themselves, ”he said. “If I can encourage just one person, then my job in this life is done.”
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科目：初中英语 来源：2013-2014学年江西省九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：翻译
“Who did this?” asked my teacher. Thirty
children tried to think about not only wha
t
they had done, but also what our teacher have
found out.
“Who did this?” she asked . She never became , but she was this time. She help up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke the window?”
“Oh, no,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. I did not do it on purpose (故意地). It was caused by a throw （投，掷）of a baseball. But did it have to be me?
If I admitted （承认）it, I would into a lot of trouble. How would I be able to a big window like that? I didn’t want to raise my hand. , something much stronger than me pulled me up. “I did it.” Then I kept quiet. was hard enough to say what I felt.
My teacher went to the and took down a book. She then began walking to my desk. I she was going to punish （惩罚）me.
“I know you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down my face. “Here is a book about birds. It is now. You will not be punished. But remember, it’s only for your honesty.”
I couldn’t believe it! I wasn’t punished and I was getting a book. I had been saving up all my money to buy .
1.A. can B. might C. mustn’t D. can’t
2.A. again B. for C. about D. angry
3.A. happy B. worried C. angry D. anxious
4.A. good B. bad C. wonderful D. soft
5.A. which B. what C. who D. why
6.A. have B. get C. become D. cause
7.A. pay B. cost C. afford D. spend
8.A. But B. And C. However D. Though
9.A. That B. I C. It D. She
10.A. bookshelf B. desk C. blackboard D. class
11.A. hoped B. told C. escaped D. feared
12.A. how B. what C. because D. about
13.A. into B. after C. at D. upon
14.A. OK B. your C. yours D. good
15.A. it B. that C. this D. one
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科目：初中英语 来源：2012-2013学年辽宁省大石桥市九年级上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：其他题
How would you like to live in a land where the sun shines day and night? There are place in the polar regions where, for North, the sun never sets! This is known as the land of the Midnight Sun. This period of sunlight can last up to six months.
This happens because the Earth tilts(倾斜). When the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it has constant (不断) daylight. As the same time, the South Pole is tilted away from the sun. It is in darkness.
Six months later, the South Pole tilts to the sun and has constant daylight. Then the North Pole is tilts away. It has darkness.
1. Where can you see the Midnight Sun?
2.How long can the period of sunlight last?
3.Why can we see the Midnight Sun?
4.When there is Midnight Sun in the North Pole?
5.What happens in the South Pole?
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科目：初中英语 来源：2012-2013学年广东省汕头市九年级上学期第二阶段考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
If you knew you had only three years left to live, how would you use your time? It’s a hard question and few of us would even like to think about it. But 18-year-old Huang Ge has to answer this question and he says, “I want to thank the people who have helped me.”
At the age of one, Huang’s mother left the family. Six years later, he was badly ill. He has been using a wheelchair（轮椅）since 9 years old. Doctors said he would only live to be 18.
After Huang’s story went on TV, hundreds of Chinese sent money to help him. The boy was so moved （感动）that he decided to thank everyone of them. But it is not an easy job, because Huang was too sick even to drive a mosquito(蚊子) away from his leg. Huang has to be tied（系）to his wheelchair to stop him from falling out. And the family can only afford a three-wheeled motorcycle(三轮摩托). Since 2003, the father and son have traveled 14,000 kilometers to 10 provinces, and thanked more than 30 helpers.
“I am moved by the story of this boy. We need the courage(勇气) to face death, and we should also feel the thankfulness for those who help us,” reads an online article on CCTV，com.
1.After hundreds of people sent money to help him, ________.
A．Huang Ge decided to ask for more
B．Huang Ge decided to thank everyone who had helped him
C．Huang Ge’s story went on TV
D．Huang Ge had a happy life with his father at home
2.They_________to thank the helpers.
A．took a train B．took a ship
C．took a motorcycle D．took a bus
3.What does the underlined word “thankfulness” mean?
A．感恩 B．宽容 C．诚信 D．奉献
4.Put the following sentences into correct order(顺序).
a.Hundreds of Chinese sent money to help Huang Ge
b. Huang Ge decided to thank everyone who had helped him.
c. Huang’s story went on TV.
d. Huang’mother left the family.
e. Huang Ge was badly ill.
A．dceba B．edbca C．cdeab D．decab
5.Which is the best title （标题）of the passage?
A．A way to success. B．An interesting trip
C．A thankful heart. D．A TV show
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