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【题目】短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示,补全空格内单词,使短文完整、通顺。

Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand

smoke. But have you h1 of "third-hand" smoke?

Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces (表面) of things around, l2 furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco (烟草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette (香烟) has been put out. This can cause a great danger to your family, e3

younger children.

Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. This is b4 they are often close to surfaces of things. such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they t5 these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.

So, it is necessary and important to say n6 to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict r7 for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. If one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes o8 the house. Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he f9 smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby.

Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn't mean he or she is s10". Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke.

【答案】

1heard

2like

3especially

4because

5touch

6no

7rules

8outside

9finished

10safe

【解析】

本文介绍了三手烟的危害。三手烟是指:附着在家具或衣服等周围物体表面上的烟草颗粒。这会对家庭,尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。因为婴儿刚学会走路,当他们接触这些表面时,他们的手会受到污染。因此对第三手烟说是必要和重要的。应该制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。

1句意:但是你听说过三手烟吗?由语境和首字母提示可知,填:hearhear of:听说。分析句子But have you h_____1_____ of "third-hand" smoke?的结构可知,本题为现在完成时的一般疑问句,其结构是:助动词has/have+动词的过去分词。故答案为:heard

2句意:第三手烟是指家具或衣服等周围物体表面上的污染物。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:likelike在这里用来表示举例,所以答案为:like

3句意:这会对你的家庭,尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:especiallyespecially是个副词,表示陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。本题就是这种用法,用especially来列举一个具有代表性的例子(younger children),来进一步强调三手烟的危害。故答案为:especially

4句意:这是因为它们经常接近如地板、墙壁和家具上残留着烟草颗粒的物体的表面。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:because;根据Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. 婴儿刚学会走路。他们更有可能受到第三手烟的伤害。可知,因为婴儿刚学会走路,所以他们会扶着这些物体,因此接触的机会就多,因此会受到危害。这里解释了婴儿受到危害的原因,故答案为:because

5句意:当他们接触这些表面时,他们的手会受到污染。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:touch;主句they get their hands polluted. 他们的手会受到污染。可知,本题的时态为一般现在时,因此再由when引导的时间状语从句中也用一般现在时,主语they是复数,因此谓语用动词原形。故答案为:touch

6句意:所以,对第三手烟说是必要和重要的。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:nosay no to:对……;这里是指拒绝三手烟。故答案为:no

7句意:为此,应制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:rule;根据forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes禁止在家里吸烟,中的homes是复数,因此前面的名词应该用复数形式。故答案为:rules

8句意:如果你的一个家庭成员有吸烟的,请确保他在屋外吸烟。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:outside;根据To achieve this, strict r_____7_____ for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. 应制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。可知,如果你的一个家庭成员有吸烟的,应该是让他在屋外吸烟。故答案为:outside

9句意:给他买一件特别的夹克和帽子,等他抽完烟,他就在进屋前把它们脱掉。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:finish;根据he will take them off before getting inside the house. 他就在进屋前把它们脱掉。可知,进屋前,烟已经吸完了,因此动作是发生在过去。故用一般过去时,所以答案为:finished

10句意:很多时候,你看不到烟对你的孩子有害,但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:safe;根据but表示转折,说明:尽管看不到烟对孩子的危害,但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。因此才有了下文的Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke. 戒烟,或者如果不可能的话,确保你所爱的人远离三手烟。所以答案为:safe

英语首字母填空技巧

1. 通读短文知大意,看整体全面了解来源:

  与阅读理解题和其它类型的完形填空一样,首先要通读短文,了解文章的大意。每篇短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文时要一气呵成,只要能了解短文的大意即可,细节不理解可以跳过。因此,在解题之前通读一遍短文,目的是对文章有个全面的了解,弄清其中心思想和大意。

2. 复读短文抓信息,前后照应巧猜词

  在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文,目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头(一般不设空)和结尾,它们能提供主要的信息,帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中,要注意上、下文的关系,这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外,要学会跳读,即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式,待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题,有时出现约 3%~5% 的生词是很正常的,这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测,来确定它的词义。

3. 反复推敲多分析,慎重答题讲合理

  再次通读短文,对留空的句子进行全面的分析,看它在全文中所处的位置、作用和意义。这一遍阅读要求是精心阅读,要留心找出关键词、短语或句子,还要结合所给首字母的提示,进行填写,并注意单词的正确形式。例如:第3小题,句意:这会对你的家庭,尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。由语境和首字母提示可知,填:especiallyespecially是个副词,表示陈述某一事实之后,列举一个具有代表性的例子,作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。本题就是这种用法,用especially来列举一个具有代表性的例子(younger children),来进一步强调三手烟的危害。故答案为:especially

4. 认真复查全文,把握整体和词形来源:

做完以后,再认真读一遍,检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符,文章是否通顺,前后是否呼应,有无句型结构及语法错误。

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