Question

【题目】 Why are some people better able to beat the flu than others? Part of the answer, according to a new study, is related to the first flu strain we met in childhood.

Scientists from UCLA and the University of Arizona have found that people’s ability to beat the flu virus is decided not only by the sub types of flu they have had throughout their lives, but also by the sequence (顺序) in which they have been infected by those viruses. Their study was published in PLoS Pathogens. The research offers an explanation for why some people become much worse than others when infected with the same strain of the flu virus.

In addition, UCLA scientists, including Professor James Lloyd-Smith, who was also a senior author of the PLoS Pathogens research, recently completed a study that analyzed (分析)travel-related screening(筛查) for the 2019-nCoV. The researchers reported that screening travelers is not very effective for the 2019 coronavirus ― that it will catch less than half of infected travelers, on average ― and that most infected travelers cannot be found out, meaning that they have no symptoms(症状)yet, and are unaware that they have been at high risk. So stopping the spread of the virus is not simply a matter of improving screening methods at airports and other travel centers.

“This puts the responsibility on government officials and public health officials to follow up with travelers after they arrive, to separate them and trace(追踪) their contacts if they get sick later,” said Lloyd-Smith, a UCLA professor of ecology and evolutionary biology(生态学和进化生物学). “Many governments have started to impose quarantines (隔离), or even travel bans, as they realize that screening is not enough to stop the spread of the coronavirus.”

One major concern, Lloyd-Smith said is that other countries, especially developing nations, lack the infrastructure(基础设施)and resources for those measures, and are therefore vulnerable to importing(输入) the disease. “Much of the public health world is very concerned about the virus being introduced into Africa or India, where large populations exist that are not able to receive advanced medical care,” he said.

【1】Why is the scientists’ research very important?

A.It explains the cause of the flu virus.B.It reduces the risk of people being infected.

C.It analyzes(分析) people’s ability to fight off the virus.D.It stops the spread of the flu virus all around the world.

【2】What do we know about the novel coronavirus from Paragraph 3?

A.Travelers are at high risk of being exposed to it.

B.It is more difficult to stop its spread than expected.

C.Most travelers infected with it are detected by screening.

D.It spreads especially quickly at airports and railway stations.

【3】Why does the writer mention Lloyd-Smith’s words in Paragraph 4?

A.To persuade people not to travel.B.To provide a method to kill the virus.

C.To show the harmful effects of the virus.D.To stress(强调) the responsibilities of officials.

【4】Which of the following best explains the underlined word “vulnerable” in the last paragraph?

A.Easy.B.Impossible.C.Responsible.D.Indifferent.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

文中大意：短文先是介绍了人类对于流感有不同抗性的问题，接着又提及了新型冠状病毒的相关特点以及国家处理的相关措施。

【1】细节理解题。根据文中The research offers an explanation for why some people become much worse than others when infected with the same strain of the flu virus.这个研究给为什么有些人在感染相同的流感病毒时会比别人更糟糕提供了解释，故答案为C。

【2】细节理解题。根据文中So stopping the spread of the virus is not simply a matter of improving screening methods at airports and other travel centers.可知，所以阻止病毒传播不仅仅是在机场和其他的旅行中心加强筛选方法的问题，阻止病毒传播并不简单，故答案为B。

【3】推理判断题。根据Many governments have started to impose quarantines (隔离), or even travel bans, as they realize that screening is not enough to stop the spread of the coronavirus.许多政府已经开始加强隔离，或者禁止旅行，因为他们已经意识到仅仅筛查是不足以停止冠状病毒的蔓延的可知，是想让政府有所行动，故答案为D。

【4】词义猜测题。根据文中One major concern, Lloyd-Smith said is that other countries, especially developing nations, lack the infrastructure(基础设施)and resources for those measures,可知，最重要的部分，史密斯说，其他国家 尤其是那些发展中国家缺乏基础设施和资源，因此推断出这些国家对于疾病的输入，很容易受到伤害，故答案为A。