8.Are some people born clever and others born stupid?Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.In some degree,our intelligence is given to us at birth,and no education can make a genius (天才) out of a child born with low intelligence.On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in a rich environment.Therefore,the limits(限度) of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This point of view is now held by most experts.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people is,the closer their intelligence is likely to be.If we take two strangers by chance from the population,it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different.If,on the other hand,we compare two twins,they will very likely be as intelligent as each other.Relatives like brothers and sisters,parents and children,usually have similar intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments.We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important part.This result is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other,but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
52.How is man's intelligence given?A
A.At birth.
B.Through education.
C.Both at birth and through education.
D.Neither at birth nor through education.
53.What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory?B
A.The importance of their intelligence.
B.The role of environment on intelligence.
C.The importance of their jobs.
D.The part that birth plays.
54.What statement is TRUE according to the passage?D
A.No education can help make a genius.
B.Personality is as important as intelligence which was given to people at birth.
C.People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives.
D.Environment influences people in intelligence developing.
55.How does the writer make his idea clear?B
A.By giving explanation.
B.By giving an example.
C.By giving figures(数字).
D.By giving suggestions.
分析 文章大意:这是一篇科普知识类阅读,本文主要讲述的是坏境和出生对智力起着重要的作用.一个人的智力的极限在出生时就被固定了,他是否达到这些极限取决于他的环境.现在大多数专家都持这种观点.因此要让孩子生活在一个丰富的环境对其智力提高有好处.
解答 52.答案:A.细节理解题.根据第二段第三行and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.这清楚地表明智力依赖于出生.可知,人的智力出生时就给定了.选A.
53.答案:B.细节理解题.根据倒数第二行We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important part.我们很快就会发现智力发展的差异,这表明环境和出生起着重要的作用.可知,从两个双胞胎在大学和工厂两个不同环境所表现出来的智力差异,可知,环境对智力的作用.选B.
54.答案:D.推理判断题.根据第一行Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.或者智力是由我们的环境和经验发展起来的?奇怪的是,这些问题的答案是肯定的.可知,环境影响人的智力的发展.选D.
55.答案:B.细节理解题.根据第二段第四行for example,to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring.例如,分别到一所大学和另一个无聊的工厂工作.可知,作者是通过举例子来阐述他的观点.选B.
点评 阅读题型,要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解.根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题.