Question

阅读理解 　　Building a house costs quite a lot of money．Suppose you plan to build a house．Your first step will be to find a right piece of land．Your choice(选择)will depend on many different things．You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings(环境)near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work． 　　Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan．The builder will draw the plan．It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets．The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house．He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house．Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate(预算)must be corrected and revised(修订)．His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house． 　　When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan．(You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high!)You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan．The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate． (1) The best title of this passage is ________． [　　] A． Building a House Costs Much Money B． Estimate Is Important C． Planning a House D． Depend on the Builder (2) The first thing for a person to build a house is ________． [　　] A． to get as much money as possible B． to find a suitable piece of land C． to work out a plan D． to make an estimate (3) The phrase “draw a plan” in this passage means ________． [　　] A． making a picture of a building or a room B． making a plan C． working out a plan D． pulling a picture out of a room (4) When the builder starts to build a house, his estimate will have to be corrected and revised because ________． [　　] A． it is wrongly worked out by a workman B． the future owner of the house thinks the estimate is so high that he cannot afford the building． C． The prices of building materials and the expenses(费用)of labor may be different from the original prices and expenses D． Estimates are usually mistaken in the beginning (5) What is the relationship(关系)between the estimate and the plan? [　　] A． The plan depends on the estimate． B． The estimate depends on the plan． C． The plan has nothing to do with the estimate． D． The estimate and the plan depend on each other．

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．B;3．A;4．C;5．D;
解析：

(1)	本小题检测的是对整篇短文中心思想的理解能力．A项讲的是“盖一幢房子要花很多钱”，这是本文的第一句话，但它只讲了上述三段的盖房子要花很多钱这一项内容，所以其概括不准确．B项是说“预算是重要的”，同样犯了以偏概全的毛病．D项讲的是“依靠建筑工”，这与短文内容是相矛盾的，故此三者皆否定之．
(2)	短文首段的第三句话：“Your first step will be to find a right piece of land．”(你的第一步就是选好一块合适的地)．此句正是该题答案的出处．
(3)	解答该小题的重点是要理解好“draw a plan”这个短语中的关键词plan．plan在本短文中反复出现了八次，第一次出现以动词形式出现，其他七次都是名词．作名词用时其常见用法有二：计划、方案；平面图，纸张．plan在与draw 连用时，就表明：画一张建筑物的平面图．B项和C项都是把plan理解为“计划”或“方案”了，而D项则理解成“把一张图画从屋里找出来”，这是无稽之谈．由此答案非A莫属．
(4)	本题属细节考查题．考查的是在盖房的施工中，最初的预算必须更正与修改的原因．短文第二段的倒数一、二句就有相对应的部分；随后，当他开始施工时，此预算必须更改与修正．他的预算的根据是当时价格，而建筑材料与其他东西的价格在制定预算和开始施工这一阶段很可能会有变化．A项说的是"预算经常被施工者算错"，在短文中没有依据；B项的“未来的房主认为预算太高他支付不起”在短文中也没有依据，D项的“在开始时预算往往是错的”与A项的错误如出一辙．
(5)	本小题考查的仍是对短文个别段落和中心意思的理解能力．短文第三段集中讲的就是和建房方案之间的关系．A项只说出了建房方案对预算的依赖关系；B项只说出预算对建房方案的依赖关系，而忽略它们相互作用的一面，因此都是片面的．而C项说的是建房方案与预算毫不相干，这与短文交代的事实背道而驰，故予以排除． 　　全文共三段，第一段说的是盖房要花很多钱，首先得确定好房子的位置：向阳，地理环境优美，交通购物方便而且离自己的亲朋和工作地点距离都近；第二段说的是选择优秀的建筑工人，设计方案，绘出草图，做好预算以及如何处理施工时可能出现的变化与预算的关系；第三段讲的是建筑工所作的预算和真正施工时所发生的变更及盖房方案与预算之间的关系．虽然全文中没有明确的主题句，但通过对上述三段文字的分析，不难看出它们讲的都围绕着一个主题：设计一幢房子．