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    【题目】句子翻译(共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)

    【1】我想知道为什么鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。

    【2】在过去几年里扬州发生了很大变化。

    【3】老师经常告诉我们遇到困难时不要灰心。

    【4】直到你学了物理，你才会知道它多有用。

    【5】我们最好采取措施来防范一些疾病的传播。

    【答案】

    【1】I wonder why fish sleep with their eyes open.

    【2】Great changes have taken place in Yangzhou in the past few years.

    【3】The teacher often tells us not to lose heart when we are in trouble.

    【4】You will not know how useful physics is until you learn it.

    【5】We’d better take action to guard against the spread of some diseases.

    【解析】

    试题分析：

    【1】根据汉语意思可知，这是一个宾语从句，主句为“我想知道”，从句主语为“鱼”，谓语为“睡觉”，“睁着眼睛”表示的是伴随状况，应用介词with引出。综合上述，故译为：I wonder why fish sleep with their eyes open.

    【2】根据汉语意思可知，这里考查的是“过去几年”以及“发生”的表达。在英语中，“过去几年”应表达为：in the past few years。“发生”为固定短语，表达为：take place。由于这是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，应用现在完成时。综合上述，故可译为：Great changes have taken place in Yangzhou in the past few years.

    【3】根据汉语意思可知，这里考查的是“告诉某人不要做某事”、“灰心” 以及“遇到困难”的表达。在英语中，“告诉某人不要做某事”应表达为：tells sb not to do sth。“灰心”表达为：lose heart。“遇到困难”表达为：be in trouble。综合上述，故可译为：The teacher often tells us not to lose heart when we are in trouble.

    【4】根据汉语意思可知，这里考查的是“直到……才……”的表达。在英语中，“直到……才……”是固定搭配，应表达为：not…until…。由于这是一个时间状语从句，表示的是一个即将发生的动作，主句应用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。综合上述，故可译为：You will not know how useful physics is until you learn it..

    【5】根据汉语意思可知，这里考查的是“最好做某事”、“采取措施”以及“防范……传播”的表达。在英语中，“最好做某事”应表达为：had better do sth。“采取措施”表达为：take action to do sth。“防范……传播”表达为：guard against the spread of…。综合上述，故可译为：We’d better take action to guard against the spread of some diseases.

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