【题目】请先阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的10个填空,并将答案填写到答题卷的相应位置。每个词限用一次。
different however serve northern show discussions dish usual taste as
Do you know something about ying or yang dishes? We all know that northerners and southerners in China eat 【1】things. Recently, different understandings of what a “ying dish” is led to a lot of【2】on the Internet.
Ying dish might be translated as “hardcore dish”. These【3】are sophisticated(复杂的)-they're supposed【4】your sincerity(真诚)when you serve guests.
Northerners think ying dishes must have large chunks of meat, for example, a whole fish or a whole chicken. Vegetables cannot even be used【5】ingredients(原料)in them-that makes the dishes less hardcore. In some 【6】places, like Gansu, ying dishes should be【7】in basins(盆)rather than plates. The size is meant to impress(给人印象)the guests.
In the south, 【8】, ying dishes can be less “hardcore” as long as they have the right color, smell and【9】. For example, in Guangdong, soup can be a ying dish, as it is【10】cooked for hours. But meat is still necessary in the dish.
Can you think of any ying dishes from your hometown?
【答案】
【1】different
【2】discussions
【3】dishes
【4】to show
【5】as
【6】northern
【7】served
【8】however
【9】taste
【10】usually
【解析】
我们都知道,在中国,北方人和南方人吃的东西是不同的,他们对“硬菜”的理解也很不一样。这篇短文给我们举例介绍了人们关于“硬菜”的理解。
【1】句意:我们都知道在中国北方人和南方人吃不同的东西。
空后things是名词,这个空应填一个形容词,作定语。结合下文的介绍可知,北方人和南方人吃的东西是不同的,故这里选择different,意为“不同的”。故答案为different。
【2】句意:最近,对什么是“硬菜”的不同理解在网上引发了很多讨论。
由句中different understandings可知,由于不同的理解,所以人们有不同的观点,也就是会引发很多讨论,因此这里选择discussions。所给的单词就是复数,故答案为discussions。
【3】句意:这些菜是复杂的——当你招待客人时,它们应该表现出你的诚意。
由句子结构可知,该空是句子的主语,被前面的these修饰,结合文意可知,短文讲述的是人们对“菜”的不同理解,故这里选择dish,且应用复数形式dishes。故答案为dishes。
【4】句意:这些菜是复杂的——当你招待客人时,它们应该表现出你的诚意。
由句意可知,用复杂的菜招待客人,可以表现出主人的诚意,因此这里选择show,意为“展示,表明”。句中使用了句型be supposed to do sth.“被认为应该……”,这里应用动词不定式形式。故答案为to show。
【5】句意:蔬菜甚至不能作为食材——这使得菜肴不那么“硬”了。
空后ingredients是名词,结合句意可知,这里表示“用作……”,使用了短语be used as…“被用作……”,as是一个介词。故答案为as。
【6】句意:在北方的一些地方,如甘肃,硬菜应该盛在盆里而不是盘子里。
根据这一段的开头“Northerners think ying dishes must have large chunks of meat”可知,这一段介绍了北方人对“硬菜”的理解。句中举的“甘肃”是中国北方的一个省,因此这里应选择northern,意为“北方的”,是形容词,作定语,修饰名词places。故答案为northern。
【7】句意:在北方的一些地方,如甘肃,硬菜应该盛在盆里而不是盘子里。
由句子结构可知,这里应选择一个动词。这句话的主语是ying dishes,因此这里表示“上菜”,选择单词serve,意为“服务,招待,上菜”。主语与动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态,空前有了should be,这个空用过去分词形式,故答案为served。
【8】句意:然而在南方,只要菜肴的色、香、味恰到好处,就不用那么“硬核”。
上一段介绍了北方人对“硬菜”的理解,这一段介绍的是南方人的理解,由下文的介绍可知,跟北方人是很不一样的。因此这个空表示转折关系,应选择however,意为“然而”。故答案为however。
【9】句意:然而在南方,只要菜肴的色、香、味恰到好处,就不用那么“硬核”。
根据句子结构可知,该空与前面的color和smell是并列的关系,指的是“菜的色、香和味道”,因此这里选项taste,是一个名词,意为“味道”。故答案为taste。
【10】句意:例如,在广东,汤可以是一道硬菜,因为它通常要煮上几个小时。
根据句意可知,这里表示“通常”的情况,应选择usual,是一个形容词,意为“通常的,平常的”。在句中该空修饰的是动词is cooked,应用副词形式。故答案为usually。
这是一篇说明文,短文介绍了中国南、北方对“硬菜”的不同理解。短文主题明确,结构清晰,内容贴近日常生活,比较容易理解。题型是选词填空,考查单词在具体语境中的使用。做题时,首先浏览所给单词,弄清楚它们的意思、词性,做到心中有数;然后通读短文,了解大意;再仔细斟酌每句话的意思,结合全文语境选择适当的单词,并注意填写单词的适当形式。先做简单的,再解决难的。例如第6小题,结合这一段的内容可知,本段介绍了北方人对“硬菜”的看法,且空后举的例子也是北方的一个地方,所以这里选择northern。
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