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【题目】用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。

chopstick, die, place, towards, how, with, by, into, slow, pride

There are many differences between Chinese eating habits and Western eating habits. In the West, everyone has their own plate of food. But in China the dishes1on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated2a Chinese host, there must be a lot of food prepared for you. Chinese are very3of their culture and will do their best to show their hospitality (好客).And sometimes the Chinese host uses his4to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The proper thing to do would be to eat whatever it is and say5delicious it is. If you feel uncomfortable with this, you can just say a polite “Thanks” and leave the food there. Don’t stick your chopsticks upright6the rice bowl. Instead, lay (放置) them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody7, the shrine (神龛) to them has a bowl of sand or rice with two chopsticks which are stuck upright in it. It is impolite to set the teapot down where the spout (壶嘴) is facing8somebody. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting, usually just outward (向外) from the table. Don’t hit your bowl9 your chopsticks. Beggars (乞丐) hit their bowls, so this is not polite. Also, when the food is coming too10in a restaurant, people will tap their bowls. If you are in someone’s home, it is like offending the cook.

【答案】

1are placed

2by

3proud

4chopsticks

5how

6into

7dies

8towards

9with

10slowly

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述的是中国和西方国家饮食习惯上的差异。在西方国家,每个人都会有自己的盘子,里面放上自己的食物;而在中国,所有的食物都是共享的。其次,当你来中国,款待你的人会做很多吃的给你等等。

1句意:而在中国,盘子是被放在桌子上的,大家一起分享。

考查动词。本句时态为一般现在时。根据“on the table and everyone shares”在桌子上,大家一起分享,可知是放在桌子上一起分享。此处填谓语动词place符合句意,主语为dishes,复数形式,且与place为被动关系,故用被动语态,结构为be+过去分词。故填are placed

2句意:如果你受到中国主人的款待,一定有很多食物为你准备。

考查介词。根据句意可知,原句中a Chinese host treated动词动作的执行者,用介词by表示“被……”。故填by

3句意:中国人为他们的文化而感到自豪,并将尽最大努力表现出他们的好客。

考查形容词。根据“will do their best to show their hospitality”尽自己最大努力待客,提示可知对中国人对自己国家的文化很自豪。be proud of为……而感到自豪,固定搭配。故填proud

4句意:有时,中国主人用他的筷子把食物放进你的碗或盘子里。

考查名词。根据原文“put food in your bowl or plate”将食物放进你的碗里或碟子里。根据常识,在中国,我们惯用的是筷子。chopsticks名词,筷子,通常用复数形式;故填chopsticks

5句意:正确的做法是不管什么东西,都要吃掉,然后说多么好吃。

考查感叹词。根据原文“This is a sign of politeness. 这是礼貌的表现。这里表示在中国餐桌上有礼貌的行为。此处有delicious形容词,前用感叹词how修饰,表示“多么美味”,故填how

6句意:不要把筷子直立饭碗里。

考查介词。根据原文“Don’t stick your chopsticks upright”不要把筷子竖起来,提示可知,这里表示把筷子竖着插在米饭里。into介词,进入……中;故填into

7句意:原因是,当有人死了时,他们的神龛有一碗沙子或米饭,有两只筷子被直立地插在里面。

考查动词。根据原文“the shrine to them has a bowl of sand or rice with two chopsticks which are stuck upright in it”可知在祠堂里立上一双筷子。因为是祠堂,所以是人已经死了。本句时态为一般现在时,主语为somebody,第三人称单数,动词用三单形式。die动词,死亡。故填dies

8句意:放茶壶时,把壶嘴正对着某人是不礼貌的。

考查介词。根据常识和原文“It is impolite to set the teapot…”放茶壶不礼貌,可知在中国,放茶壶的时候把壶嘴对着人是不礼貌的。此处somebody不定代词,某人,前可以填写介词towards表示“朝向”。face towards朝向,面对。故填towards

9句意:不要用筷子敲碗。

考查介词。根据后句“Beggars hit their bowls”乞丐敲他们的碗,可知这里表示不能用筷子敲碗。with介词,用;with your chopsticks用筷子。故填with

10句意:此外,在餐馆,当食物来得太慢,人们会拍他们的碗。

考查副词。根据原文“people will tap their bowls.”提示可知,当餐馆里的食物上得太慢的话,人们会轻拍他们的碗。故此处填写副词,修饰动词coming slowly副词,缓慢地。故填slowly

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