Question

【题目】Word transformation. Each word can be used only once.

choice necessary heavy intention association

lying appreciation solve direction adjust

Golden Rules of Good Design

What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to capture the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.

Less is more. This saying is 【1】 with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty 【2】 in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create 【3】 to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid 【4】 decorations.

More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is soulless design. Post-Modernist designers began to experiment with decoration and color again. Product design was【5】 influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen appliances such as ovens and kettles.

Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what it is 【6】 for. For example, think of an adjustable desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular 【7】 by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 【8】 light where it is needed.

Form follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into consideration the sensory side of our nature -- sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational（理性的）. When 【9】 everyday products such as toothpaste, we 【10】 a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze the toothpaste onto our brush.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】associated

【2】lies

【3】solutions

【4】unnecessary

【5】heavily

【6】intended

【7】adjustments

【8】direct

【9】choosing

【10】appreciate

【解析】

本文讲述了优秀设计的黄金法则，多年来，设计师和艺术家一直试图抓住好的设计的本质，他们发现一些谚语可以帮助人们理解好的设计理念。：少即是多；更多并不令人厌烦；适用于用户目的；形式服从情感。

【1】句意：这句话与德国出生的建筑师密斯·凡·德·罗有关。

根据be associated with表示“与……有关”，分析句子“This saying is __1__ with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe”这句话 德国出生的建筑师密斯·凡·德·罗 ，结合所给选项，此处应是associated，故答案为associated。

【2】句意：在他的现代主义观点中，美在于简洁和优雅。

根据lie in表示“在于”；分析句子“beauty ___2___ in simplicity and elegance”美 简洁和优雅，结合所给选项，此处应该是lie，因为主语是“beauty ”，所以谓语动词用三单，故答案为lies。

【3】句意：设计师的目的是通过最有效的手段来解决问题。

根据分析句子“the aim of the designer is to create __3__ to problems through the most efficient means”，设计师的目的是通过创造最有效的手段来解决问题，此处缺名词，结合所给选项，此处应该是解决方案，solution是可数名词，故答案为solutions。

【4】句意：设计应避免不必要的装饰。

分析句子“ Design should avoid ___4___ decorations.”此处缺形容词来修饰名词“decorations”，设计应避免 装饰，结合本小段的主题为“少即是多”，所以此处是unnecessary。

【5】句意：受这一观点深深地影响，可以在厨房用具中看到，如烤箱和水壶。

分析句子“Product design was___5___ influenced by this view”，此处缺副词来修饰was influenced，结合选项，此处应是深深地，故答案为heavily。

【6】句意：对于用户来说，最重要的结果是产品达到了预期的目的。

根据be intended for表示“打算为……所用”，结合句子“The most important result for the user is that the product does what it is ___6___ for.”结合选项，所以此处是达到预期目的，故答案为 intended。

【7】句意：它需要的材料将承受灯的热量和由用户的定期调整。

分析句子“…will stand the heat of the lamp and regular ___7___ by the user. ”此处缺名词，结合选项，所以此处是“台灯要经得住用户的定期调整”，adjustment是可数名词，故答案为adjustments。

【8】句意：最重要的是，它需要将光射到需要的地方。

分析句子“it needs to ___8___ light where it is needed. ”它需要将光 到需要的地方，结合选项，所以此处是“把灯光对准”，根据need to do，所以此处用动词原形，故答案direct。

【9】句意：当我们选择日常用品如牙膏时

分析句子“When ___9___ everyday products such as toothpaste, we …”结合选项，所以此处是选择choose；结合主语是“we”与所给选项“choose”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词表示主动关系，故答案为choosing 。

【10】句意：我们欣赏一种看起来很酷的设备，它能让我们轻松地把牙膏挤到牙刷上。

分析句子“we __10__ a cool-looking device that allows us to easily squeeze the toothpaste onto our brush.”我们 一种看起来很酷的设备，它能让我们轻松地把牙膏挤到牙刷上，此处缺谓语动词。结合所给选项，此处应该是欣赏，故答案为appreciate。