3.There is an old saying in English,"Laughter is the best medicine".Until recently,few people took the saying very seriously.Now,however,doctors have begun to study laughter and the effects (作用) it has on the human body.They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people's health.
Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate,blood pressure,breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.It increases blood pressure,the heart rate and the rate of breathing.It also works several groups of muscles in the face,the stomach and even the feet.If laughter exercises the body,it must be helpful.
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program.The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain.These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.
There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body's immune system-that is the system which fights infection (感染).In an experiment,one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group-in other words,a group with which to compare the first group.Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells-the cells which fight infection.
As a result of these discoveries,some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病专家) in the United States now hold laughter clinics,in which they try to improve their patients'condition by encouraging them to laugh.They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing,making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.
48.We learn from the first paragraph that laughterA.
A.is good for one's health
B.has strong effects to do with some illnesses
C.has been studied for a long time
D.has no effect on the body
49.Doctors have found that laughterB.
A.keeps down blood pressure
B.has similar effects to physical exercise
C.decreases the heart rate
D.increases stress and pain
50.Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?D
A.It makes pain less.
B.It exercises the body.
C.It improves the body's immune system.
D.It can cure(治愈)cancer.
51.Smiling can produceA.
A.about the same effects as laughter
B.more effects than laughter
C.fewer effects on the human body
D.no effects on the human body.
分析 文章大意:这是一篇科普知识类遇到,文章讲的是笑是良药,而且能减轻病人的痛苦,能够锻炼身体并提高人的免疫能力.医生现在开始研究笑及其对人身体的作用.他们发现有证据表明笑可以提高人的健康.鼓励人们经常去笑,即使是微笑也可以.
解答 48.答案:A.细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people's health.他们发现笑声确实可以改善人们的健康.可知,笑对我们的健康有好处.选A.
49.答案:B.细节理解题.根据第二段第一行中的"It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise."据发现笑和身体锻炼有着同样的功效,故选B.
50.答案:D.推理判断题.根据第三段第一句其他测试表明,笑似乎使疼痛对身体的影响更少,可知A选项"它使疼痛更少"正确.根据第二段第一行最后一句It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.结果发现,笑与体育锻炼有类似的效果,可知,B选项"它可以锻炼身体"正确.根据第四段第一句There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body's immune system也有一些证据表明,笑有助于人体的免疫系统,可知,C选项"它提供身体免疫系统"正确,因此不正确的是D选项"它可以治愈癌症",选D.
51.答案:A.细节理解题.根据最后一句making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.使他们微笑足以产生良好的效果类似于那些由笑声引起的.可知,微笑可以产生和笑声一样的效果.选A.
点评 阅读题型,要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解.根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题.