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It’s reported that several hundreds of young children have gone _________in our country, and their parents feel very sad about the _______ of them.

A. miss, loss B. missing, loss

C. missed, loss D. missing, lost

B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:报道说我们国家几百儿童已经丢失,他们的父母对他们的失去感到非常悲伤。第一空根据题干分析“丢失”应用missing;第二空是“丢失”是名词loss,故选B。

考点:考查同义词辨析

考点分析: 考点1:动词和动词短语 就是表示动作和状态的词。根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。 动词分类及用法 一、实义动词         实义动词又叫行为动词,分成及物动词和不及物动词 。 1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词,可分为如下两类。 1) 及物动词+宾语例:I love my home. 我爱我家。 He bought an English dictionary.  他买了一本英语词典。 2) 及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。 My mother gave me a new pen.  母亲给了我一支新钢笔。提示:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。 2、 不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语,本身意义完整。例:She came last week. 她上周来的。 It is raining hard.  正下着大雨。 Class began at half past seven.  7点半开始上课。 What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事? 3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。例如:She can dance and sing.   她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。)   She can sing many English songs.   她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。) 二、系动词         系动词不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟表语构成合成式谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词,或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。连系动词有 be, seem, look, become, get, grow, feel, appear, remain, turn。         例如:   The story sounds true.   Those oranges taste good. 三、助动词         协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。 助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,只能在实义动词和系动词前构成谓语的时态、语态以及否定式和疑问式。它没有对应的汉译,例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。 (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义) He is singing. 他在唱歌。(is是助动词,无词义,构成现在进行时) 四、情态动词         情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等,不能单独作谓语,情态动词后面加动词原形。情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。常用的情态动词有 : Can(could) (能,会) 如:I can swim. 我会游泳。    May(might) (可以) 如: You may go now. 你现在可以走了。   Must (必须) 如:You must do your homework. 你必须写作业。    Need (需要) 如:He needs our help. 他需要我们的帮助。 注意:1、情态动词表推测在肯定句中一般用must (一定),can, could(可能),might /may(也许,或许)。否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能)。例如: It can’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.  这不可能是校长,他去美国了。 2、can和could表示允许的用法:表示现在的允许时,若是请求别人允许自己做某事,两者均可用,但用could 语气更委婉;若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如:   Can [Could] I come in? 我可以进来吗? 3、must和have to的用法   表示必须、必要。(must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些)如:   You must come in time.   你必须及时过来。    回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to。   — Must we hand in our exercise books today?   — Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)   —我们今天必须交上练习册吗?   —是的。(不,不必。) 4、need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,后跟动词原形。Need还常用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,后面通常接名词、代词和带to的不定式, Do you need a dictionary?   你需要词典吗? You  needn't give it back before Friday. 你不必在星期五前还我。 常见考法         对于动词的考查,通常会在单选,词语运用和完形填空中出现。除了考查时态和语态外,只要考查实义动词的固定短语,系动词和情态动词的灵活运用。 典型例题:--Must I return the magazine to you right  now,Sandy/           --No,you        .you may keep it until next Wednesday.         A.  needn't   B.  can't    C. must    D. may 解析:本题考查情态动词must构成的疑问句的回答方式。否定回答应该用 needn't 。 答案:A 误区提醒         汉语和英语的动词有较大差异,而学习者在学习是往往容易套用汉语,从而混淆意思相近而用法不同的词或词组,也容易混淆词形相近而意思不同的词或词组,例如look for和find, listen和 hear。所以我们在学习中要认真分析不同的词或词组。 典型例题:They had to ___the 800--meter race because of the bad weather.           A  put on   B put off    C  get on   D  get up 解析:本题考查四个动词短语的区别。put on “穿上,戴上”; put off“推迟”; get on “上车”; get up“起床”。根据语境,应选put off。 答案:B 考点2:名词 名词 (Nouns)是词性的一种,也是实词的一种,是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等. 名词复数的规则变化 情况 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies
考试目标 名词在英语词汇中占有较大的比例,历年中考试题都要涉及,分值在2-3分,考点常分布在单项选择、完形填空和完成句子中。近几年的中考在淡化语法的同时,突出了语言的交际性和实用性,中考热点主要集中在: 1、正确识别可数名词和不可数名词; 2、掌握可数名词复数形式的构成; 3、正确判断某些常用名词在特定语境中的可数和不可数性; 4、掌握名词所有格的基本形式及一般用法。 攻克方法:要全面掌握中学阶段所学的英语知识,系统地做好语法归纳并有意识地多记一些名词惯用语,尤其是与汉语不同的一些特殊用法。 试题属性
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