Question

【题目】

In ancient China, people’s names had three parts: their family name, given name and courtesy name (字).

Take Li Bai, a famous Tang Dynasty poet as an example. His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.

People used their given name when they were among family members. But in social (社交的) life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect(尊重).

Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood (成年). Women would get their courtesy name after getting married (结婚).

One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name. For example, Mencius’ name was Meng Ke (孟轲). His courtesy name was Ziyu (子舆). Both Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”. Zhuge Liang’s given name was Liang (亮), which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming (孔明), and it means “very bright”.

【1】According to the text, Li Bai maybe get the name Taibai .

A.before he was 20B.before he was an adultC.when he was 20D.when he get married

【2】People often used their when they were with family members.

A.family namesB.given namesC.courtesy namesD.first names

【3】The underlined words " had something to do with" mean " " in Chinese.

A.和……有关B.和……完全一样C.和……不一样D.和……无关

【4】The courtesy names often sound like their .

A.family nameB.given nameC.father's nameD.mother's name

【5】What's the main(主要的) idea of the text?

A.Why did ancient Chinese have more than one name?

B.When did ancient Chinese have more than one name?

C.Where did ancient Chinese get more than one name?

D.How did ancient Chinese get more than one name?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】A

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

本文主要介绍中国名字的字。在中国古代，人名有三个部分：姓、名、字。男人到了20岁就会有字。它是成年的象征。女人结婚后会得到她们的字。一个人的字往往与他的名字有关。

【1】细节题。根据第2段中His family name was Li, his given name was Bai, and his courtesy name was Taibai.和第4段第1句Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20.可知“据文中所述，李白20岁时可能叫太白”；故选C。

【2】细节题。根据第3段第1句People used their given name when they were among family members.可知“人们在和家人在一起时经常使用他们的名字。”故选B。

【3】考查词意猜测。根据下文“例如，孟子的名字叫孟可。他的尊称是子玉。柯和子雨都是“马车”的意思。诸葛亮的名字叫梁，意思是“亮”。他的尊称是孔明，意思是“非常明亮”。”故此句One’s courtesy name often had something to do with one’s given name.意思是“一个人的字往往与他的名字有关。”故had something to do with意思是“和……有关”；故选A。

【4】考查推理判断题。根据第5段“例如，孟子的名字叫孟可。他的尊称是子玉。柯和子雨都是“马车”的意思。诸葛亮的名字叫梁，意思是“亮”。他的尊称是孔明，意思是“非常明亮”。”可知“字听起来常常像他们的名字”；故选B。

【5】考查主旨题。本文主要介绍中国名字的字。故本文的主要内容是“为什么古代中国人有不止一个名字？”；故选A。

对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。