科目：初中英语 来源：2011-2012学年福建省漳州正兴学校初三期中考试（上）英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
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The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means(交流方式). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living things in the world, but it is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills fish and pollutes drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. They stop the people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air.
The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It is mostly caused by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must try to control the growth of population at the same time.
【小题1】Our world is becoming much smaller .
| A．because the earth is being polluted day and night |
| B．because science is developing |
| C．because of the rise in population |
| D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year |
| A．much easier than | B．as easy as |
| C．as hard as | D．much harder than |
| A．water pollution | B．air pollution |
| C．noise pollution | D．rubbish |
| A．CO2 | B．H2O | C．SO2 | D．CO |
| A．it’s bad to all living things in the world |
| B．it makes much noise |
| C．it has made our rivers and lakes dirty |
| D．it makes us become angry more easily |
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科目：初中英语 来源：2012-2013学年江苏泰兴实验初级中学八年级上学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Dear Mr Heppell,
I am Sabrina Akhtar studying in a high school and I’ve noticed that forests are disappearing (消失).
You know, forest are disappearing around the world each year. This is because of many different reasons including, farming, tourism pollution(旅游污染), etc, If we stop doing these things, there will be a good future for people of tomorrow.
Now I’m writing to ask you to help stop forests from disappearing. You can help by getting shops to stop selling paper made from trees and changing to tree-free paper (paper not made from trees). This will help forests so much . There are many , many things we can do to help forests. If you would like to know more, please visit http://www.Rainforestweb.Org/. By changing the little things, we can make a big difference.
If you would like to contact ( 联系 ) me, please see the above address or e-mail me at shazadinol @ hotmail.co.uk. Thank you for taking your time in reading this letter.
Yours sincerely
Sabrina Akhtar
【小题1】 The writer of this letter is ______.
| A．a student | B．a teacher |
| C．an officer | D．a driver |
| A．Rain | B．Tourism pollution |
| C．Planting | D．Breathing |
| A．stop shops from using paper any more |
| B．use paper which is made from tress |
| C．stop shops selling paper made from trees |
| D．plant more and more trees in the future |
| A．By calling her | B．By interviewing her |
| C．By visiting her | D．By e-mailing her |
| A．To know more about Mr. Heppell |
| B．To make friends with Mr. Heppell |
| C．To ask Mr. Heppell to teach in the school |
| D．To ask Mr. Heppell to help protect forests |
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科目：初中英语 来源：2013届北京市丰台区中考一模考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Tony Buzan’s grades were going down at university. Disappointed with his low marks, he went to the library to find a book on how to use his brain. He was directed to the medical section. Confused, he said to the librarian, “I don’t want to take my brain out, I just want to learn how to use it.” Her reply was simple: “There’s no book on that.”
“I thought to myself,” says Buzan, “if I buy a little radio, I get an instruction manual (说明书). If I buy a microwave, I get an instruction manual. But for the most important machine in the world, no instruction manual?”
Fifty years later, Buzan has become the world’s leading speaker on the brain and learning. In the late 1960s, he invented the mind map, a visual representation of thought processes.
This kind of thinking has become a popular tool for planning, organizing, problem solving, and communicating across the world. He has since authored and co-authored over 100 books that have appeared in more than 30 languages.
“I think in most cases, people use less than 1 percent of their brains,” he says.
But how do you expand this 1 percent? How do you become the best student you can be?
According to Buzan, the answer is simple. You take a section of whatever it is that you are trying to learn, he says, and you read it for its essence (精髓、要素). Then you make a mind map of all the important details. For a truly effective mind map, you start with a colored image in the center of your page. Draw the first image that comes to mind on the topic you are mind mapping. Branch off from your central image and create one of your main ideas. From your main branches draw some sub-branches and from those sub-branches you can draw even more branches. He emphasizes that you should use plenty of images and colors as these help with memory recall and encourage creativity.
By using this visual format (形式), according to Buzan, your mind will begin to make associations that will help you remember more information for longer periods of time.
Buzan believes that traditional note-taking methods, such as lists and summaries, do not stimulate the brain’s recall capacity or ability in the same way. Because of this, students will often find themselves locked away in their rooms for hours, trying hard to memorize separate details. Buzan believes that for a more effective and lasting way of studying, you must first understand how your brain works.
“Everyone is born smart,” he says. “You just have to learn how to learn.”
【小题1】What is the main purpose of the first two paragraphs?
| A．To show that Tony Buzan was worried about his study. |
| B．To invite us to think about the importance of manuals. |
| C．To prove that the mind map is a useful tool for the brain. |
| D．To show why Tony Buzan studies the brain and learning. |
| A．Excite. | B．Improve. | C．Encourage. | D．Affect. |
| A．If we learn the mind map, we will become the best student. |
| B．The mind map will help your brain connect separate details. |
| C．The mind map will be more effective if we put more details in it. |
| D．We will solve the problem if we make connections between ideas. |
| A．How to make the mind map? |
| B．Is the mind map widely used? |
| C．Can your memory be mapped? |
| D．Is the mind map helpful in thinking? |
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科目：初中英语 来源：2011-2012学年江苏省苏州市工业园区九年级上学期期中考试英语卷 题型：阅读理解
Napping(小睡) after learning something new could help improve your memory--- as long as you dream, scientists say.
They found people who dream about a new task do it better on waking than those who do not sleep or do not dream.
Volunteers were asked to learn the layout(布局，设计) of a 3D computer maze(迷宫) so they could find their way several hours later. Those allowed to take a pap and who also remembered dreaming of the task, found their way to a landmark quicker.
The researchers think the dreams are a sign that unconscious(无意识的) parts of the brain are working hard to process information about the task..
Dr. Robert Stickgold of Harvard Medical School, said dreams may be a marker that the brain is working on the same problem at many levels.
Study tips
Co-author Dr. Erin Wamsley said the study suggests our non-conscious brain works on the things that it deem(认为) are the most important.
“Every day we are gathering lots of information and new experiences,” she said. “It would seem that our dreams are asking the question, “How do I use this information to inform(影响) my life?”
The scientists say there may be ways to use this phenomenon(现象) for improving learning and memory. For example, students might be better studying hard before bedtime, or taking a nap after a period of afternoon study.
【小题1】 Scientists say ______ could help improve your memory.
| A．dream | B．nap | C．nap and dream | D．nap without dream |
| A．Take a nap. | B．Dream a task. | C．Learn about 3D computer. | D．Find their way out of a maze. |
| A．They are a sign that parts of the brain is unconscious. |
| B．They can help us fall asleep and improve learning and memory. |
| C．They tell us how to use this information to inform our life. |
| D．They may be a marker that the brain is working on the same problem. |
| A．Before bedtime. | B．After bedtime. | C．Before taking a nap. | D．In the afternoon. |
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科目：初中英语 来源：福建省模拟题 题型：听力题
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