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5.Most of us probably live without vegetables,but a world without chocolate?Now that would be hard!According to chocolate makers it could happen if we don't act soon.
There are two main causes of the chocolate shortage(短缺)-chocolate's growing popularity and less production of cocoa,the plant from which chocolate is made.With more and more people in India and China loving chocolate,not much can be done about the first cause.
Therefore,the only thing we can do is to increase cocoa production.However,new plant diseases and little rain in Ivory Coast and Ghana,the world's largest producers,have reduced cocoa production by 40percent in the past 10years.What's worse,many cocoa farmers in Africa and other cocoa-producing countries like Indonesia and Venezuela are changing to easier-to-grow crops such as corn or rubber.This way,the farmers can make more money.
To prevent more farmers from changing,researchers at the newly opened International Cocoa Control Centre,in the UK,are trying to create new cocoa plants that are stronger and faster growing.But first they must make sure the new plants are safe to grow.This takes a long time.
First,each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy.It is then planted in the Centre's fields,studied and tested for another two years.Only after scientists are certain that they're disease-free,will the plants be sent to farmers in West Africa or wherever else they are needed.
To create new stronger types of cocoa,scientists at the Control Centre are combining(结合)the best parts from different cocoa plants.Though the world is facing a serious chocolate shortage,there is now hope!
53.In which countries has chocolate become more popular in recent years?China and India.
54.How long does it take scientists at the Control Centre to make sure a cocoa plant is safe to grow?30 months.
55.If you are a cocoa farmer in Africa,will you continue to grow cocoa?Why or why not?Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money..

分析 大多数人也许在生活中不吃蔬菜,但没有巧克力的生活可以想象吗?现在是很难了.据巧克力制造商说,如果我们不立刻行动起来,这种情况可能发生.
巧克力短缺的主要原因有两个--巧克力越来越受欢迎,以及用以制造巧克力的植物可可的产量很少.由于越来越多的印度人和中国人喜欢巧克力,对于第一个原因,人们无能为力.
因此,我们唯一能做的就是增加可可的产量.然而,由于新的植物病害增加和世界最大的可可生产国象牙海岸和加纳的降水量很少,导致过去十年可可的产量减少了40%.更糟糕的是,非洲和其他生产可可的国家(比如印尼和委内瑞拉)的很多可可种植户正在改种容易种植的作物,比如玉米和橡胶.这样,农户就可以挣更多钱.
为了防止更多种植户改种其他作物,英国在新成立的国际可可控制中心的研究人员正在试图开发新的可可品种,它们植株更粗壮,生长跟快.但首先他们必须要确定新的植物种植起来够安全,而这要需要很长时间.
首先,每一种新植物要在控制中心贮藏六个月,以保证它是健康的.然后将它种植在中心的土地上,用两年的时间来研究和检验.只有科学家确信这些植物抗病害后,才将它们分发给西非或其他需要的地方.
为了培育新的更强壮的可可品种,控制中心的科学家把不同的可可植株结合起来.虽然全世界正面临可可的严重短缺局面,但现在却有了希望.

解答 53.答案:China and India.事实细节题.
根据第2段最后一句With more and more people in India and China loving chocolate,not much can be done about the first cause可知,最近几年来,越来越多的印度人和中国人喜欢巧克力.故答案是China and India.
54.答案:30 months.事实细节题.
根据第5段两句话First,each new plant is stored at the Control Centre for six months to make sure it is healthy.It is then planted in the Centre's fields,studied and tested for another two years可知,新品种首先要在控制中心储存6个月,以确保健康,然后再由科学家研究检验2年,这样一共是30个月的时间.故答案是30 months.
55.答案:Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money.判断推理题.
根据第2段,文章介绍了世界将面临巧克力短缺的局面,其原因有二,一是需求量增加,二是可可产量低.第3段介绍了农户方面的原因:很多农户转产,改种其他容易种植的作物,以获得更多收入.所以,不同的人有不同的回答.站在消费者或巧克力爱好者的角度,要继续种植.站在农户的角度,为收入着想,要转产.故答案是Yes.Because it's hard for me to live in a world without chocolate./No.Because I will change to grow easier-to-grow crops to make more money.

点评 首先要通读短文,掌握大意,然后结合具体的题目再读短文,从中找出相关信息,就可以确定正确答案.

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