Question

16．Chinese students may be the world's most hard-working at home．A recent report says that 15-year-olds in Shanghai spend the longest time on homework，compared with their peers around the world．
The report was released by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development （OECD）．It surveyed 510，000 students in 65 countries and regions．Results show that the global average is about 4.9 hours'worth of homework each week．Students in Shanghai spend the longest time-13.8 hours．Those in Russia and Singapore take 9.7 and 9.4 hours respectively （各自）．Students in Finland spend the least time-fewer than 3 hours．
The study shows that students who did more homework scored higher in the Program for International Student Assessment （PISA），an academic test for 15-year-olds．For example，Shanghai and Singapore，where students spent much of their time on homework，came in first and second respectively in the PISA math test in 2012．
What's more，teens from wealthier backgrounds were doing 1.6 more hours of homework than their poorer peers．It may"have widened the performance gap between students from different socio-economic backgrounds"，the report warns．Poorer students may not have a quiet place to study at home，"it suggests．"Their parents may not be able to guide，motivate and support their children on homework because of work responsibilities．"
However，the number of hours spent on homework may influence students on an individual level，but it doesn't affect the country level．Factors like have a bigger impact on a country's overall performance．
A Report On Time for （71）Homework

（72）Time and countries/regions
Time and score	The （73）moretime students spent，the higher score they got．
Time and family （74）backgrounds	Teens from wealthier families spent more time than those from poor families．
Conclusions	Students'individual level may be （75）influenced/affectedbecause of the number of hours spent on homework． Teacher quality and school system organization affects the country's level．

Answer 1

分析 本文为一篇关于各国学生学习时间（做作业）的调查报告．报告从不同国家（地区）与学习时间、学习时间与成绩、学习时间与家庭背景，以及结论等几方面做了介绍．

解答 71．Homework．细节理解题．考查报告研究的对象（内容），即时间用在哪里．需要填名词．根据全文所述，讨论的是各国学生在做家庭作业时花费的时间．比如开头就说"Chinese students may be the world's most hard-working at home．A recent report says that 15-year-olds in Shanghai spend the longest time on homework，compared with their peers around the world"中国学生也许是世界范围内在家学习最用功的，其中上海15岁的学生做作业的时间最长．从表格右栏，特别是第一栏右侧可以看出，研究的是各国学生的学习时间问题．A Report On Time for Homework《学生家庭作业用时报告》．故填Homework．
72．Time and countries/regions．细节理解题．考查各国学生学习时间的对比，即时间与国别．根据右侧内容，首先是全球平均数为每周4.9小时．然后是上海，苏联、新加坡和芬兰．所以，左侧应该是时间及国别（地区）．根据短文第二段"It surveyed 510，000 students in 65 countries and regions"报告了65个国家和地区的51万学生．Time and countries/regions．时间与国别（地区）．故填Time and countries/regions．
73．more．细节理解题．考查做作业的时间与分数的关系．根据短文第三段"The study shows that students who did more homework scored higher in the Program for International Student Assessment （PISA），an academic test for 15-year-olds"所说，学生做作业越多，参加PISA考试的成绩就越高．并且以上海和新加坡为例说明：For example，Shanghai and Singapore，where students spent much of their time on homework，came in first and second respectively in the PISA math test in 2012，即上海和新加坡学生把大部分时间用在做作业上，所以，在2012年PISA数学测试中成绩分别为第一和第二．故填more．
74．backgrounds．细节理解题．考查学生学习时间和家庭背景的关系．根据第四段"teens from wealthier backgrounds were doing 1.6 more hours of homework than their poorer peers．It may"have widened the performance gap between students from different socio-economic backgrounds"，the report warns"所说，富裕家庭的学生比同龄的贫困家庭学生多花1.5小时做作业．这也许会拉大不同社会经济背景的学生之间成绩上的差距．表格内本栏右侧说的就是富裕家庭青少年比贫困家庭的同龄人花费更多时间学习．Time and family backgrounds学习时间与家庭背景．故填backgrounds．
75．influenced/affected．细节理解题．考查学生做作业的时间与个人成绩和全国成绩之间的关系．根据短文最后一段中"However，the number of hours spent on homework may influence students on an individual level，but it doesn't affect the country level"所说，花在做作业上的时间也许会影响个人成绩，但并不影响全国成绩．本句用被动语态表述这个意思，需要填动词过去分词．influence 和affect都是动词，意思都是"影响"；它们的过去分词分别是influenced和affected．Students'individual level may be influenced/affected…学生的个人成绩也许会受到影响．故填influenced/affected．

点评 首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．