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Mrs Green ________ go far if she goes shopping. The supermarket is beside her neighbourhood.

A. have to B. doesn’t have to

C. needn’t have to D. haven’t to

B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:Green夫人如果想去购物,她没有必要走太远,超市就在她小区的旁边。have to 不得不;doesn’t have to 不必;C 和D形式不对。根据句意可知选B。

考点:考查情态动词。

考点分析: 考点1:情态动词 初中英语情态动词用法详解
【情态动词知识梳理】
情态动词有具体的词义,但也同助动词一样,需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语,另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化,情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
考点一:can,may,must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法:
1. can的用法:
(1).表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力,此时may和must均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
(2).表示许可,常在口语中。如:You can use my dictionary.  你可以用我的字典。
(3).表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t译为“不可能”。如:Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。
情态动词有具体的词义,但也同助动词一样,需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语,另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化,情态动词后必须跟动词原形。
2. could的用法:
(1).can的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。
(2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)
3. may的用法:
(1).表示请求、许可,比can正式,如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。
(2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.
(3) .may的过去式为might,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might be sick.
他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。
(4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如:May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功!
4. must的用法:
(1).must表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗?
(2)其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如:You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late.你一定不要迟到。
(3)对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to .如:—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗?—No, you needn’t.不,你不必。
 (4)must表示有把握的推测,用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着,他现在肯定在家。
注意其反意问句的构成形式:
当must表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。如:She must have seen the film before,hasn’tshe?(注意反意疑问句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday,didn’t you? (注意反意疑问句的后半部分)
5. need的用法:
(1).need表示需要、必须,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为“没有必要,不必”。用need提问时,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to。如:—Need I stay here any longer? 我还有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes, you must .是的。—No. you needn’t /don’t have to.不,你不必。
(2).need还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如:I need to do it right now.我需要马上做这件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那个女孩。如果是物作主语,一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点:
①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;
②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如:. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired.你的车需要维修了。
6. dare的用法:dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need,有两种词性:
(1)dare作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,无第三人称单数形式,只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如:Dare he tell them what he knows?他敢告诉他们所知道的情况吗?I daren’t ask her – will you do it for me?我可不敢问她,你能帮我问问吗?
(2)dare作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如:He doesn’t dare to break his promise.他不敢食言。
 注意:在口语中,dare的各种形式常与不带to的不定式连用。如:Do you dare tell her what I said?
你敢告诉她我说的话吗?I didn’t dare look at him.我不敢看他。
7. shall的用法:
shall表示征求对方意见(多用于第一、三人称),如:Shall we go out for a walk?我们出去散步好吗?
在英语中,我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。
(1).用“Let's do...”来提出建议。如:Let's go for a walk after supper.
(2).用“What/How about...?”来提出建议;about后接名词或动词ing形式。如:What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?
(3).用“Why not...?”来提出建议,表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Why not...?”实际上是“Why don't you/we...?”的简略形式。如:Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?
(4).用“Would you like...?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Would you like后可接名词或不定式。如:Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?
因此,如果我们说:“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:Shall we go for a swim? Let's go for a swim,shall we? What about/How about going swimming? Why not go for a swim? Would you like to go for a swim? What do you think of going for a swim?
8. should的用法:
(1).should意为“应该”,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如:We should protect the environment.我们应该保护环境。
(2)Should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如:You should have finished your homework.
你应该已经完成作业了。(事实上你没有完成。)
9. will的用法:
will表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多种人称。如:I will help you if I’m free this afternoon.今天下午如果我有空,我就会帮你。
注意:
1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换。
2、will与be going to do something区别:
①. be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will表示的将来时间则较远一些,如:He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
②. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.   He will be twenty years old.
③. be going to含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:She is going to lend us her book.
He will be here in half an hour.
④.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用be going to,而多用will,如:If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
10. had better的用法:
  had better意为“最好”,没有人称的变化,后面接不带to的不定式,其否定形式为:had better not。如:
We had better go now.我们最好现在就走。You had better not give the book to him.你最好不要把这本书给他。
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