Question

【题目】Translation:

【1】他是这些科学家中唯一的一个对灾难起因进行了调查的。（定语从句）

【2】我们永远不会忘记发生在2008年的那场灾难。（划线部分定语从句）

当汶川经历了8级地震的消息被报道后（划线部分同位语从句），全世界的人们都震惊了。

【3】那本封面很旧的书肯定是很久以前出版的。（情态动词表猜测）

【4】如果当时他听从医生的劝告，他现在可能还活着。（虚拟语气）

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】He is the only one of the scientists who makes an investigation into the cause of the disaster.

【2】We’ll never forget the accident which/that happened in 2008. The news was reported that Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8, people all over the world were shocked.

【3】The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago.

The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.

【4】If he had followed the doctor’s advice at that time, then he might be alive now.

【解析】

【1】句意：他是这些科学家中唯一的一个对灾难起因进行了调查的。（定语从句）

根据句意可知此句主从句时态是一般现在时。the only one of the scientists：这些科学家中唯一的一个，是定语从句的先行词；先行词有the only修饰，关系词在定语从句中做主语，先行词是人用who引导此定语从句，本句先行词是单数，从句的谓语动词使用单数；短语make an investigation into：对……的调查；the cause of the disaster：灾难起因；故答案为He is the only one of the scientists who makes an investigation into the cause of the disaster. 。

【2】句意：①我们永远不会忘记发生在2008年的那场灾难。（划线部分定语从句）

②当汶川经历了8级地震的消息被报道后（划线部分同位语从句），全世界的人们都震惊了。

①根据句意可知主句时态是一般将来时，定语从句时态是一般过去时。定语从句的先行词the accident（那场灾难）是物，关系词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用which或that引导此定语从句；故第一句答案为We’ll never forget the accident which happened in 2008.

②根据句意可知此句时态是一般过去时。汶川经历了8级地震：Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8，是同位语，对消息进一步说明，引导同位语从句只能用that；全世界的人们：people all over the world；be shocked： 震惊；故答案为The news was reported that Wen Chuan experienced an earthquake on a scale of 8, people all over the world were shocked.。

【3】句意：那本封面很旧的书肯定是很久以前出版的。（情态动词表猜测）

must have done：表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意思是“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。根据句意此句是被动语态，其结构为must have been done：某物一定被怎么了；用限制性定语从句表达是The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago.；用非限制性定语表达是The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.故答案为The book whose cover was old must have been published long time ago./The book, the cover of which was old must have been published long time ago.。

【4】句意：如果当时他听从医生的劝告，他现在可能还活着。（虚拟语气）

表达与过去事实相反的假设，其句型是：If +从句（时态是过去完成时），主语+would/should/might/could/ought to…)+do sth.；故答案为If he had followed the doctor’s advice at that time, then he might be alive now.。