17.London used to be"foggy"for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are"foggy"today.The"fog"was in fact smog,a mixture of smoke and fog.In other words,it was made by air pollution.In London,some of this pollution came from factories,but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter.By the 1950s,London's smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air.A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.Within a few years,the air became much cleaner.There were no more"pea-soupers".
Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40or 50years ago.However,this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve.One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories,rather than from coal burnt in people's houses.If these factories were closed,this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs.Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.
However,the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner and cleaner,as the government and people pay more and more attention to cutting down pollution.As a result,there are fewer"pea-soupers"in Beijing than there used to be.
56.What was the main reason for air pollution in London?C
A.There was too much smoke in the sky.
B.There were too many factories in the city.
C.People burnt too much coal in the houses.
57.How did the air in London become much cleaner?B
A.There was not so much fog in the winter later.
B.A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses.
C.Many factories in the city were closed.
58.What does the underlined word"pea-soupers"refer to?A
A.Smog.
B.Smoke.
C.Gas.
59.The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because ofB reasons.
A.one
B.two
C.three
60.Which sentence is NOT true?B
A.Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.
B.Using coal is much more expensive than using gas.
C.Factories made much more pollution in China.
分析 【文章大意】"雾"实际上是烟雾、烟和雾的混合物.许多中国城市面临的空气污染这个问题是我国难以解决的问题.一个原因是:更多的污染来自工厂,如果这些工厂被关闭,这将影响经济发展,很多人将失业.另一个原因是:改用清洁燃料,如天然气,但是却很贵.
解答 56 C 细节理解题.根据文章:In London,some of this pollution came from factories,but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter.可知伦敦的空气污染主要是因为大量的烧煤而引起的.故选C.
57 B 细节理解题.根据文章:A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.Within a few years,the air became much cleaner.可知一项新的法律是禁止个人在任何英国城市烧煤取暖.故选B.
58 A 词义猜测题.根据上文:A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.Within a few years,the air became much cleaner.可知一项新的法律是禁止个人在任何英国城市烧煤取暖.所以空气变得干净多了,就没有很多的烟雾了.故选A.
59 B 细节理解题.根据文章:One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories,rather than from coal burnt in people's houses.If these factories were closed,this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs.Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.可知解决中国城市的污染问题有两个原因.故选B.
60 B 细节理解题.根据文章:Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料),like gas,is quite expensive.可知清洁燃料是更昂贵的.所以B选项错误.故选B.
点评 首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握大意,然后结合具体的题目再读短文,从中找出相关信息,就可以确定正确答案.