Question

【题目】B) 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,完成表格中所缺的信息。并将答案填写在下面相应题号的位置上。

Many American schools are closed during the summer. Most children in the United States have a summer holiday for almost three months. This traditional school schedule was designed long ago when many Americans lived on farms. Children were needed at home during the summer to help their families with harvesting crops and feeding animals. Schools later continued the tradition, mostly because it was difficult to hold classes in the hot summer weather.

American schools began to do an experiment by changing this system in the early 1900s. One idea was for children to attend school all year round. But the idea didn't become popular until about twenty-five years ago. Studies done at the time showed that American students were not performing as well as students in other countries.

Students who attend year-round schools in the United States do not go to class every day. They spend the same number of days in class as other students do. But the time is organized differently. For example, some students attend school five days a week for nine weeks. Then they have three weeks off before going back to school for another nine weeks. In summer, they have a five-week holiday.

Supporters of year round schooling say it improves students’ learning. They say students in the traditional system often forget what they have learnt after a long summer holiday. They think that schools can offer special classes during short holidays for students who need extra help. They also think that it saves money, because the school buildings are used throughout the year.

People who oppose year-round schooling say the research has not showed that it can improve students’ learning. Families report problems in organizing activities and travel when their children in different schools have different holidays. Some parents want their children to have a long summer away from the pressures of school. People who start summer camps for children don’t agree with the idea. So do businessmen that employ teenagers in summer.

American Year—Round Schools
The history of year-round schools	Students had a three-month summer holiday to help their families with harvesting crops and feeding animals, because many Americans were 【1】 long ago. Schools later continued the tradition 【2】 the hot weather. Year-round schools began in the early 1900s, but it didn't 【3】 until about twenty-five years ago. Students who attend year-round schools spend the same number of days in class. But the time is organized differently.
The reasons for supporting year-round schools	It improves students’ learning, because students can easily forget what they have learnt after a long summer holiday. It saves money by using the school buildings throughout the year.
The reasons 【4】 year-round schools	It's hard for families to organize activities and travel. Parents want their children to stay away from the pressures of school. Both summer camp organizers and businessmen oppose the idea for their own 【5】.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】farmers

【2】because of

【3】become popular

【4】against

【5】advantages

【解析】

本文主要讨论了美国的全年制学校。

【1】根据第一段中“This traditional school schedule was designed long ago when many Americans lived on farms.”可知，这种传统的学校课程表是很久以前设计的，那时很多美国人都住在农场，即学生们有三个月的暑假来帮助他们的家人收割庄稼和喂养动物是因为很多美国人都是农民。“农民”可用farmer表示，主语many Americans表复数，所以此处用其名词复数形式。故填farmers。

【2】根据第一段中“Schools later continued the tradition, mostly because it was difficult to hold classes in the hot summer weather.”可知，学校后来延续了这一传统，主要是因为在炎热的夏天上课很困难，即学校因为炎热的天气延续了这一传统。“因为”可用because或because of表示，因为其后是名词短语the hot weather。故填because of。

【3】根据第二段中“But the idea didn't become popular until about twenty-five years ago.”可知，这个想法直到25年前才流行起来，即全年制学校始于20世纪初，但直到大约25年前才开始流行起来。此处用于助动词didn't后，所以用其动词原形即可。故填become popular。

【4】根据表格上一行“The reasons for supporting year-round schools”及表格内容叙述可知，上一行在叙述支持全年制学校的原因，所以此处叙述反对全年制学校的原因，可用介词against表示。故填against。

【5】根据最后一段中“People who start summer camps for children don’t agree with the idea. So do businessmen that employ teenagers in summer.”可知，开办儿童夏令营的人不同意这个想法，夏季雇佣青少年的商人也是如此，即夏令营的组织者和商人都反对这个主意，因为这对他们自己有利。“有利”可用advantage表示，此前有their修饰，指summer camp organizers and businessmen表复数，所以此处用其名词复数形式。故填advantages。