书面表达

假如你叫李明，请根据以下个人信息，写一封60词左右的交友信。

要求：语法正确，语句通顺。可以适当发挥。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Hello，

My name is Li Ming. ________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Would you like to be my friends？Write to me.My email address is ming7788@163.com．

Yours，

Li Ming

Many books have been written about “the art of giving”．And we also know that it's hard to give people a gift，______ a personal one.If we want to make it better，we should understand who you will give the gift to and their likes and ______．

As is often the case，some little kids think they don't get enough gifts ______ some old people think they get too many gifts.Different people like different kinds of gifts.Some presents are never too ______．For example，when a little child just gives his or her mother a leaf from a tree，it is enough to make her very ______．

Gift giving is different in different______．Here are some of their likes.In Japan，people sometimes give special gifts.But they are not opened.Later，the same gift may be given away to someone ______，because many people have enough things and don't want ______ gifts themselves.In Canada，a tree can help remember______．In the USA，some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts.In Sweden，doing something for someone is the best gift.People don't need to ______ too much money.Instead，making a meal for him or her is enough.

To make things ______，some people would rather just give money.In some cultures，however，______ money can make people uncomfortable.“When someone gives me money，it just makes me think they're being lazy，” says John Wilson.“In England，we have a saying: It's the thought that ______．When someone gives me money，I feel they don't think about it at all.I prefer to receive a gift ______ has some thought behind it.”

Different people have very different thoughts ______ this subject！So maybe the art of giving is difficult！What do you think?

1.A. specially B. especially C. commonly D. usually

2.A. displays B. disadvantages C. disagreements D. dislikes

3.A. while B. when C. as D. if

4.A. same B. similar C. small D. huge

5.A. lonely B. happy C. sad D. angry

6.A. cities B. towns C. provinces D. countries

7.A. else B. other C. another D. else's

8.A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too

9.A. a child B. a person C. a guide D. a chef

10.A. spend B. take C. cost D. make

11.A. more difficult B. easy C. difficult D. easier

12.A. using B. giving C. receiving D. fetching

13.A. counts B. discovers C. finds D. invents

14.A. who B. what C. where D. that

15.A. to B. on C. up D. in

Different countries have different greeting customs.Read this article to know more about the greeting customs in different cultures，and make sure you greet people in the right way next time.

France

French people greet each other with a handshake，but close friends kiss each other on both cheeks when they meet.They do this gesture when meeting and before leaving.

Korea

In Korea，it is a sign of respect for people to bow when greeting each other.In Korea，a bow is followed by a handshake.In shaking someone's hand，it is polite to support the right forearm with the left hand.However，Korean women do not shake hands with Western men；instead，they bow slightly.

Brazil

Kissing women on the cheek is a common way of greeting.In a formal situation，a handshake is often done to show respect.Men should shake hands before and after meeting，and once they have become familiar with each other，a light hug is often given to each other.

Ghana

In a social situation，it's polite to greet everyone in the room.A handshake is used in greeting，and the palm must directly touch the palm of the other.It's considered disrespectful to touch the back of the hand.

The Philippines

There are several ways of greeting people in the Philippines.An elderly person places his or her right hand on the forehead of a child to “bless” the latter.This is called “mano”．Relatives and family members greet each other with a kiss on the cheek.Friends greet each other with a polite nod or a handshake.

1.Mike kisses a French boy Jim on the cheek，they may ________．

A. meet for the first time B. be close friends

C. be in a social situation D. be in a formal situation

2.In Brazil，it is very common to ________ when people meet.

A. shake hands B. kiss on the cheek

C. bow to each other D. give a light hug

3.Which of the following is about Ghana?

A. Friends can give a light hug to each other.

B. People can give a nod or handshake.

C. It's impolite to touch the back of the hand.

D. Family members can greet with a kiss.

One day, I happened to meet an Englishman in a store and soon we began to talk.As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner seemed to be very surprised, gently shaking his head and saying, “You don't say! You don't say！” I was puzzled (困惑的), and I thought, “Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.” So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? Have you ever been there？”

“Certainly.When I'm back home, everyone will laugh at me if I leave here without seeing it.The Great Wall is wonderful！” he answered.

“Yes, it is one of the wonders in the world.And people from all over the world have come to visit it，” I added.As I was telling him more about it, he said again, “You don't say！”

I couldn't help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it？”

“Well, I didn't ask you to do so，” he answered, greatly surprised.

“Didn't you say ‘You don't say！’？” I asked again.

Hearing this, the foreigner laughed loudly.He began to explain, “‘You don't say！’ means ‘Really？’．Perhaps you know little about English idioms (习惯用语)．”

Wow! How foolish I was! Since then I have been careful with English idioms.

1.Why was the writer puzzled?

A. Because the Englishman knew the Great Wall so well.

B. Because the Englishman had some trouble understanding him.

C. Because he thought the Englishman was not very polite.

D. Because he thought the Englishman asked him to stop talking.

2.What did the Englishman think of the Great Wall?

A. He thought it was awful.

B. He thought it was wonderful.

C. He thought it was common.

D. He thought it was bad.

3.What did the Englishman do after hearing the writer's question?

A. He laughed at the writer.

B. He got mad and shouted at the writer.

C. He walked away without saying a word.

D. He laughed and explained the meaning of the idiom to the writer.

4.When the Englishman used the idiom “You don't say！”， he meant “________”．

A. Be careful! B. Stop talking!

C. Really? D. It's hard to say!

People from different cultures have different ways of doing things.A simple gesture can also have a different meaning from one culture to another.Moving the head up and down means “yes” in Europe and the United States.However，in Greece and Turkey，it means “no”．To point a finger at someone is okay in Canada，but it's rude in China and Japan.

For business people，differences like those can cause serious misunderstanding.To avoid those，many businessmen attend classes to learn about other cultures.Here are a few things they've learnt.

Greeting clients correctly is important in business world.However，customs about greeting people vary from one culture to another.North American men and women often shake hands when they meet.In Japan，people often bow.

Entertaining is important in the business world.It's often necessary to invite a client to lunch or dinner.However，customs about eating are also different from culture to culture.Some people don't eat meat，and others don't drink alcohol.In the west，people eat with knives and forks；in the east，they eat with chopsticks.In some cultures，it's okay to discuss business while eating.In other cultures，talking about business during a meal is rude.

Sometimes business people visit the homes of their clients.In most countries，it's the custom to take a small gift.In some countries，it's rude to give white flowers or a watch or a clock.Another difficulty is how much money should be spent on a gift.

1.Moving the head up and down means “no” in ________．

A. Europe B. the United States

C. China D. Greece

2.The underlined word “vary” means “________” in Chinese.

A. 有差别 B. 使相同 C. 使新奇 D. 使陌生

3.In North America men and women ________ when they meet.

A. bow B. shake hands

C. point a finger D. move the head

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. People in different countries have different ways of doing things.

B. Giving white flowers or a watch or a clock to your friends may be rude.

C. Businessmen learn other cultures to avoid cultural misunderstanding.

D. The more money you spend on a gift，the more you are welcome.

Dream culture is an important part of ancient Chinese culture.Dream interpreting is popular in China，and the most famous reference for dream interpreting is the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams.

Ancient Chinese people thought that dreams could suggest lucky and unlucky things.Since different dreams have different meanings，people can get meanings of good or bad luck by interpreting them.Actually，dream interpreting is not totally a superstition.It does have some scientific value.

★Dreams are the reflection of the facts.Many dreams are actually something about what happened in the daytime.This kind of dream can be easily understood without dream interpreting.

★Dreams are the body's self－implication.Traditional Chinese medical science says that dreams are connected with the health condition of humans' bodies.When Yin and Yang are imbalanced，dreams come into being.If someone dreamt that he or she was roasted by a big fire，it shows he or she might easily get angry or nervous.

★Dreams are usually different from the facts.It means that things will develop in the opposite direction when they become worse.

To some degree，Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is scientifically reasonable.Over thousands of years has passed，the book still has many secrets waiting for us to explore.

1.According to the passage，dream culture ________．

A. is important in ancient Chinese culture

B. is unimportant in foreign culture

C. has no scientific value

D. is something about God

2.In the old days Chinese people thought that dreams ________．

A. were very popular

B. could suggest lucky and unlucky things

C. couldn't be interpreted

D. were always different from the facts

3.If you dream that you are roasted by a big fire，maybe you are ________.

A. excited B. relaxed C. nervous D. bored

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams is a book about dream interpreting.

B. When Yin and Yang are not balanced，you dream easily.

C. Dreams sometimes are the opposite of the facts.

D. There are no secrets in the book Duke of Zhou Interprets Dreams.

根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。

English people like DIY.A lot of people always 1.(花费) their holiday making their homes more beautiful.If there is anything that needs 2.(修理) or decorating around their homes，such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower，they will do the jobs 3.(他们自己)．They share DIY 4.(经验) with their friends.More and more people show an interest in DIY.5.(有时) people also DIY in order to save money.They are trying to find ways to make their house better when they can't6.(支付) the cost.So，it is not surprising that DIY is very popular.

DIY can be difficult.People often find it not easy to build a 7.(件) of furniture because they can't understand the instructions well.Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear，but the furniture itself is difficult to build.DIY can also be dangerous.People should learn much about DIY work before doing it.Unluckily，many people don't care about that.So they may be in 8.(危险)．It is reported that in just one year thousands of people were 9.(受伤) while doing DIY in the UK，10.(包括) those who fell off ladders.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

How are American families different from Chinese families?

In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones，and in other ways they are the same.American families，for example，enjoy family dinners，support and love each other just1. Chinese families do.The 2. (different) come from culture，however.Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are3.(allow) to make many decisions 4. their own，and the parents want 5. (them) children to leave home at eighteen.

In most American families，children are encouraged 6. (make) their own choices at7. young age.They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school.That is when they face 8. (big) decision of their lives：what to do next.Parents and family will help with the choice，but the children themselves make the 9.(finally) decision.

Americans seldom move back into family homes 10. they get older.Instead，they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible.It is important to remember that these are cultural differences，and that Americans see this as part of the culture.

请从所给选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题。

71.________

In England, it's impolite for men to wear hats indoors especially in churches (教堂)．Now, it's becoming more common to see men wearing hats indoors.However, most people still see that as being impolite, especially older people.

72.________

In England, if someone gets in the way of you and you want him to move, remember to say “Excuse me” and he will move out of your way.

73.________

In England, when you are first introduced to someone, shake his right hand with your right hand.

74.________

Men and women in England both hold the door open for each other.It depends on who goes through the door first.

75.________

In England, please do not ask questions such as “How much money do you make？”， “How much do you weigh？” or “Why aren't you married？”．

A．Say “Excuse me”．

B．Open doors for other people.

C．Shake hands.

D．Avoid asking personal questions.

E．Take your hat off when you go indoors.

1.________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

书面表达

76．根据提示写一封邮件。假设你叫张磊。你的美国笔友迈克尔(Michael)即将来中国学习，在他给你的电子邮件中，Michael说想要了解一下中国的餐桌礼仪，现在请你给他回一封电子邮件。主要内容如下：

1．在餐桌上要尽量放松；

2．当你不知道怎样使用餐具时，可以看看别人，跟着他们做，也可以礼貌地向旁边的人询问；

3．在中国，你应该端起你的饭碗吃饭；

4．如果你喜欢吃他们的饭菜，可以对此表示感谢。

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________