阅读理解

　　Everyone has got two personalities(性格)－the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control yourself, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night, of course, you often change your sleeping positions．The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep．

　　If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person．You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas．You don’t like to make people unhappy, so you never express your real feelings．You’re quite shy and you aren’t very confident．

　　If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets．You worry a lot and you’re always easily becoming sad．You never want to change your ideas, but you are satisfied with your life the way it is．You usually live for today not for tomorrow．

　　If you sleep on curled up(蜷缩), you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive．You’re shy and you don’t usually like meeting people．You like to be on your own．

　　If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced(平衡的)personality．You know your strengths and weaknesses．You’re usually careful．You have a confident personality．You sometimes feel worried, but you don’t often get unhappy．You always say what you think, even if it makes people angry．

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。

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　　When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents．The third Saturday in December Mark said he had made his list and had twenty dollars in his pocket．

　　I drove him to a nearby supermarket．Mark picked up a hand basket and went in while I wailed and watched in the car．It took Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents．Finally he came to the checkout counter(交款处)and reached into his pocket for his money．It was not there! There was a hole in his pocket, but no money．Mark stood there holding his basket, tears falling down his face．

　　Then a surprising thing happened．A woman came up to Mark and took him in her arms．"You would help me a lot if you let me pay for you," said the woman．"It would be the most wonderful gift you could give me．I only ask that one day you will pass it on．When you grow up, I would like you to find someone you can help．When you help others, I know you will feel as good about it as I do no．"

　　Mark took the money, dried his tears and ran back to the checkout counter as fast as he could．That year we all enjoyed our gifts almost as much as Mm-k enjoyed giving them to us．

　　I would like to say "thank you" to that very kind woman, and tell her that four years later, Mark went house to house collecting blankets(毯子)and clothes for the homeless people in the fire．And I want to promise her that Mark will never forget to keep passing it on．

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。

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　　Close contacts between Japan and the rest of the world were created in the twentieth century．In the last forty years, business contacts between Japan and the West have become very important．Many foreign companies now have offices in Japan and Japanese businessmen do business around the world．Differences between Japanese and Western ways of doing business, however, often bewilder foreign businessmen and make doing business in Japan difficult for foreigners．

　　The American businessman, for example, wants to start talking business immediately．He does not want to wait．The Japanese businessman, on the other hand, likes to arrive at decisions after giving them serious thought．Another thing foreign businessmen have difficulty in understanding is when a Japanese means “Yes” or “No”．This is because of cultural differences between Japanese and Western society(社会), Which make it difficult for a Japanese to say “No” directly．

　　In the USA, it is easy to say “No” to something one does not want to do．But in Japan, it is very difficult to say “No”．To refuse an invitation or a request(请求)with “No” is felt to be impolite．It is thought to be selfish and unfriendly．So instead of saying “No” directly, the Japanese have developed many ways to avoid(避免)saying “No”．These can help them avoid hurting other people’s feelings．However, this often makes their ways of doing business rather difficult for foreigners to understand and follow．

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　　Driving a car at a high speed along a highway seems to be fun．You only need to follow the bright traffic signs beside the highway and it will take you where you wish to go．

　　But to a London taxi driver, driving is not an easy job．A taxi driver needs to have not only good driving skills but also a good knowledge of the city of London, from the loneliest street to the popular restaurant around．He has to be at the service of all kinds of passengers(乘客)at all times．

　　A London taxi driver said the following about his job．

　　During the night it is usual for him to stop two or three times for some food．He said, “I never drink when I’m working, otherwise I’d lose my license(驾驶执照)．”

　　He normally goes home between two and three o’clock in the morning．There are times he has to stay longer and try to make more runs．He said, “That’s the worst thing about working for yourself．If you don’t make money, no one is going to give it to you．”

　　London taxi drivers not only “take” but also “give”．Every summer hundreds of poor children from London go for a day at the sea－by taxi! There rides are paid by the taxi drivers．At the sea, they are met by the mayor(市长), and a lunch party is also held for the taxi drivers and the children．After a happy day’s running around the beaches and visiting the market there, the children go home again by taxi, free of charge of course!

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　　Chris Jones recently completed a very unusual journey．Our reporter Mary Owen met him at his home in the south of London and be told her all about the trip．

　　Reporter：What gave you the idea to make a trip around India on an elephant, Chris?

　　Chris：Well, it all started the idea two years ago when I was planning a trip to India．I visited a photo exhibition of elephants and I realized that the only enjoyable way to make a trip around India was on an elephant．

　　Reporter：What did you do next?

　　Chris：I flew to New Delhi and started looking for an elephant, I needed an elephant trained to carry people．I didn’t know anything about elephants, so I asked an expert(专家)for help．He taught me how to ride an elephant．He also helped me find an elephant．

　　Reporter：How long did it take to find a suitable elephant?

　　Chris：Not too long．I bought a female elephant called Tara for about 6, 000 dollars．

　　Reporter：Can you tell me about the journey?

　　Chris：Tara and I set off from New Delhi a week later．We were going to Sonepur in northern India．There is a big elephant market there and I could sell Tara easily．And what a ride! Elephants can travel at about 6 miles an hour and Sonepur is more than 1, 200 km away．It took us 64 days to complete the journey．

　　Reporter：Did you have any problems on your journey?

　　Chris：Yes, a few．But nothing serious．On the third day, Tara hurt her foot．Btu that got better quickly．Also, there was a lot of heavy rain during the first week and we got very wet!

　　Reporter：What happened when you reached Sonepur?

　　Chris：My plan was to sell Tara．But I was very fond of her．I couldn’t take her back to Britain and I didn’t want to sell her at the market．I happened to meet some people who wanted an elephant for their national park in southern India．I knew that Tara would be safe with them, so I gave her to them．I was very sad to say goodbye．

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　　If you want to become a better reader, what should you know about speed of reading?

　　Some people read very rapidly(很快地), while others read very slowly．But which one is better?

　　The rapid reader may be a good reader when he reads a storybook for fun．But he may not be able to slow down enough to read directions(说明)carefully．He may read so rapidly that he does not take time to understand fully the ideas and information which are important to remember．

　　The slow reader may be a good reader when he reads directions for making something．But he may spend too much time in reading a simple story which is meant to be enjoyed but is not important enough to be remembered．

　　So, you see, either a rapid reader or a slow reader is not really a good one．If you wish to become a better reader, here are four important things to remember about speed of reading．

　　1．Knowing why you are reading will often help you to know whether to read rapidly or slowly．

　　2．Some things should be read slowly throughout．Examples are directions for making or doing something, science and history books, and Maths problems．You must read such things slowly or remember each important step and understand each important idea．

　　3．Some things should be read rapidly throughout．Examples are simple stories for enjoyment, letters from friends and bits of news from hometown papers．

　　4．In some of your reading, you must change your speed from fast to slow and slow to fast, as you go along．You will need to read certain(某些)pages rapidly and then slow down and do more careful reading when you come to important ideas．

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　　Sitting on a chair all day in school can make anyone want to move around．So, more and more teachers are letting students have a ball．By sitting on exercise balls instead of chairs, teachers find students' posture(姿势)and attention improve．

　　Dottie Pownall, a fifth-grade teacher in West Virginia, USA, has been using balls as chairs since December 2008．"The students love them", she says．Pownall took a survey of her students．She found that 80％ of the students thought sitting on the balls helped them pay more attention to what they were learning．

　　The teacher, Pisa Witt, felt so strongly about the use of balls as chairs, she started Witt Fitt．This company encourages the use of the balls．And the company educates not only teachers but also students on how to use them．"Our products are used in 24 states, three provinces in Canada, Puerto Rico('波多黎各)and Japan," says Witt．"Research shows that sitting on the balls makes them sit up straighter．You can slouch(低头垂肩地坐)on a ball," says Witt, "but it feels awful．" Because the students are moving, their blood(血液)increases．That carries more oxygen(氧气 to the brain(大脑), so the kids have more energy and can focus longer．

　　"Furthermore, they're fun．" says Pownali．

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　　Here's an interview to a pilot about his life．

　　(R＝Reporter; P＝ Pilot)

　　R：How much time do pilots actually spend flying a plane?

　　P：It varies(WES'J)from about 20 minutes on some domestic(区别)flights to as much as 18 hours on international flights．It all depends on if the flight is a short- or long-haul flight．

　　R：Do pilots take breaks during flights or do they fly the whole time?

　　P：Yes, we take breaks during long-haul flights．Airlines assign(指派)three or four pilots to long flights．We take turns flying the plane．

　　R：If pilots are traveling all the time, how do they deal with jet lag(时差)?

　　P：Jet lag is annoying for almost all pilots．I try to go to sleep as I would at home．

　　R：How important is it to know the weight and size of the plane you are flying?

　　P：It is very important．We weigh almost everything put into the airplane and make estimates(估计)according to the number of people on each flight．

　　R：Do pilots eat the airplane food?

　　P：Yes, we eat business class food! Airplane food changes every season and is very delicious if you don't hate eating lobster(龙虾)every day! The pilots on the same plane are supposed to make different meal choices so that if one of the dishes causes food poisoning, only one of them will be sick．That way, at least one pilot will always be well enough to fly the plane!

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　　When John and Victoria Fails arrived in New York from London for a one-year stay，they did not bring many things with them．They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment(家具齐全的公寓)or to buy used furniture(家具)．But they soon learned that the renting(出租)of home furnishings(beds，tables，dishes，and so on)has become one of America’s fastest growing business．

　　What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? Many kinds of people：international businessmen，government officers, airline workers，young married couples——the people whose jobs may make them move frequently(频繁地)from one city(or country)to another．They saved the trouble and cost of moving their furniture each time．They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new home．Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they will soon grow to dislike．They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like．Meanwhile(另一方面),they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy．

　　One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, 1ike their rented furniture so much that they decide to keep renting it instead of buying new things．But they don’t like to tell people about it．The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbours might think．

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　　ARLES, FRANCE－Andre Raffay has a problem．He needs a nice, large flat in the city of Arles, but he doesn’t have enough money to buy one．Every morning Andre sits in his neighborhood café(附近酒吧)and reads the flat ads in the newspaper．He draws a circle around each ad for a flat that looks good．Then he goes to the telephone to call the owner．

　　“Hello．I’m interested in the flat near the park that is in today’s paper,” he says．“How much is it?” When he hears the answer, he says, “Oh, my goodness! That’s too much!” The same thing happens every day．

　　One morning Andre sees a friend in the café．He tells him about his problem．“I have a good idea, Andre．I know a 90-year-old woman who has a beautiful flat．You can pay her something every month until she dies．Then you can move into the flat．It will be yours!”

　　Andre is excited．He thinks to himself, “How much longer can such an old lady live? We can probably have the flat in a few years．” He and his wife, Marie, go to visit Mrs．Calment．The flat is just what they want．It is large and sunny, and it is near the centre of town．It even has a view of the park．

　　Andre tells Mrs．Calment, “We will pay you ＄500 a month, and you can stay here for the rest of your life．” She is very happy．She says, “I really want to stay here．This is my home．Now I don’t have to move to my niece’s(侄女)house in the country．”

　　They sign a contract(签了份协议)that says that Andre and his wife will pay Mrs．Calment ＄500 every month．When she dies, the flat will belong to Andre and his wife．

　　More than thirty years go by．Jeanne Calment is still alive．She is 121 years old, the oldest person in the world．Poor Andre isn’t alive any more, but his widow(寡妇)still sends Mrs．Calment ＄500 every month．Their dream flat is a nightmare(恶梦)．

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