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　　Why do people smoke? One reason is that people become addicted(成瘾)to cigarettes．The addictive substance(物质)in cigarettes is nicotine(尼古丁)．When people smoke, the nicotine goes right into the blood stream and makes people feel comfortable．A smoker's body gets used to the nicotine, and if he stops smoking, he feels nervous．Many smokers try to stop smoking but because of the addiction to nicotine they feel so uncomfortable that they often find it too difficult to do so．

　　Another reason is that people simply enjoy smoking．Having a cigarette for many people means taking a break．For some people smoking becomes part of certain social rituals(礼仪), for example, sending the cigarette after dinner．Many people enjoy smoking because it gives them something to do with their hands．Reaching for a cigarette, lighting it and flicking(弹掉)the ashes are special comfort in a situation where they feel nervous．

　　Many people also like the taste of tar(焦油)in cigarettes．However, it is the tar that causes cancer．While governments and health experts have tried to get people to give up smoking completely, cigarette manufacturers(生产商)have tried to keep selling them by producing cigarettes with less tar．Many people in western countries have welcomed these cigarettes since they found it hard to stop smoking and wanted to reduce the danger to their health．

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A man decided to take off early from work and go drinking．He stayed there until the bar closed at three in the morning, and he was drunk at that time．After leaving the bar, he returned home on foot．When he entered his house, he didn't want to wake his wife, so he took off his shoes and started tiptoeing(用脚尖走)up the stairs．Halfway up the stairs, he fell down．That wouldn't have been so bad, but he had some empty bottles in his back pockets, and they broke．The broken glass hurt his back terribly．He was so drunk that he didn't know he was hurt．A few minutes later, when he was taking off his clothes, he noticed the blood, so he looked himself over in the mirror．He found his back was hurt terribly．He repaired the damage as best as he could and then he went to bed．The next morning his head was hurting, his back was hurting, and he was trying to think up a good story when his wife came into the bedroom．He told his wife his story．“Well, you really tied one on last night,” she said, “and where did you go?” “I worked late,” he said, “and I stopped for a cup of beer．” “A cup of beer? That's a joke,” she replied, “and you were drunk last night．Where did you go?” “What makes you so sure I got drunk last night?” “Well,” she replied, “my first big clue(线索)was when I got up this morning, I found many Band-Aids(创可贴)on the mirror．”

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　　This is a story from a meeting held by some people and two things in nature．We call it the Four-Sided Talk．Let's “listen to” everyone carefully and find out what they think．

　　People：We have lived on the earth since ancient times．The earth is our home．Now we regret what we have done to our home!

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　　Are you looking for something fun and would you like to help others in your spare time? Then join us to be a volunteer! We're a non-profit(非盈利的)organization．We have volunteer jobs of all ages．Anyone, from twelve-year-old children to people in their seventies can become a volunteer．

　　You can help people in many ways．Schools need help with taking care of children while parents are working．Hospitals need volunteers to look after children while their parents are seeing a doctor．Animal lovers can help take care of those dogs and cats without homes．There is something for everyone．

　　“As a volunteer, I don't want to get anything．Seeing the children's happy faces, I'm happy, too,” said Carlos Domingo, an old woman of 62．“I often played computer games in my spare time before．Now I help older people learn how to use computers,” said another volunteer at the age of 18．

　　If everyone helps out a bit, we'll have a better world to live in．Interested? Call us at 010-800-555-5756 or visit our website：www.activol.com．

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A smart diet, a healthy life

　　No matter how old your kids are, you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and to encourage good eating habits．

　　Family meals are nice for both parents and kids．Children like to guess what they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children．Parents can also use the mealtime as a chance to talk with their kids about their life．

Tip Two：Healthy Snacks(零食)

　　Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what can get at home．That's why it's important to have enough healthy snacks, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, yogurt and whole-grain biscuits．

　　The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself．Kids will follow the lead of the adults they see every day．By eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding fast food and sweet drinks, you are sending the right message．

　　Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have healthy foods in front of them．This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to eat．You need to work a bit on different cooking methods(方式，方法)．

　　Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food．Talk to them about making choices and planning a healthy meal．It can help them to make good decisions on their own about the foods they want to eat．

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　　A six-year-old British girl, Mollie Price, is opening up her third candy store．She is said to be one of Britain's youngest bosses．Her stores are called “Mollie's．” She sells both British and American candy．The girl would like to open more candy stores．“It might sound crazy, but believe me,” Mollie says．

　　“It was Mollie's idea to open up the shop．It is Mollie who runs the candy stores,” her mother Becky, her “business partner” says．

　　Her mother says all the stores are put together and stocked(进货)by Mollie．Mollie works in one of the stores every Saturday, then gets up early Sunday to go to the company's product supplier(供应商)．She asks her friends to test the sweets to decide which ones are good．She's good at smart marketing．For example, if the weather is really cold, she sells the Mr Whippy ice cream cheaper than when it's hot outside．

　　“Children have the best ideas．I tell my mum what I think and she always says I have good ideas．It's just because I know what other children like,” Mollie says．

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　　I am my mother's third girl．When I was born, the doctor gently explained to my mother that my left arm was missing, below the elbow(肘)．Then he gave her some advice, “Don't treat her any differently from the other girls．” And she did!

　　There were five girls in our family and we all had to help out．Once when I was about seven, I came out of the kitchen, “Mum, I can't peel(削……皮)potatoes．I only have one hand．” “You get back to peel those potatoes, and don't ever use that as an excuse for anything again!”

　　Of course I could peel potatoes－with my good hand and my other arm．“Jenny, if you try hard enough,” she said, “you can do anything．”

　　Once in the second grade, our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bar(攀爬架)．When it was my turn, I said no, Some kids laughed．I went home crying．

　　The next afternoon Mum took me back to the school playground．“Now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised．She praised me when I made progress．I'll never forget when I was crossing the bar, the kids were standing there with their mouths open．

　　It was the way with everything．Mum had the courage to face anything．And she taught me I could, too．

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