阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

　　Some boys join the navy(海军)when they are young．They are then given a 　　1　　 of training as sailors．It is a long course, both on land and at sea．During it, the boys study things like mathematics and science 　　2　　 learning to tie the knots(打结), fire guns and to do other practical things．

　　One of the important things they are taught is how to swim．　　3　　 the old days, many sailors were unable to swim, nowadays it is hard to find one that cannot．

　　At one school for sailors, the swimming instructor(教练)was excellent．He had 　　4　　 never met a boy whom he had 　　5　　 to teach to swim by the time the course ended．One year, however, there was one particular(特别的)boy on the training course who seemed quite 　　6　　 to learn to swim．The instructor tried giving him extra(额外的)lessons, but he had no success at all, whatever he did．In the end, 　　7　　 the time drew near for the training to end, he had to admit(承认)failure．

　　One day, he 　　8　　 the boy to meet him after the swimming lesson and said to him, “John, I have tried very hard to teach you to swim, but I have failed for the first time in my life．Now I want to give you a piece of 　　9　　．Listen carefully．”

　　“Yes, sir, ” answered the boy．

　　“Well, ” the instructor went on, “if you are ever in a ship and it will sink(沉没), just jump over the side into the sea, go right down to the bottom and run to the shore(海岸)as 　　10　　 as you can．That is the only way you will save your life．”

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阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

　　As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village left their houses．They were staring(注视)forward at the mountain top in the distance．It was covered with ice and snow-beautiful and dangerous．

　　The huge mountain is called Matterhorn．Mountain climbers had 　　1　　 the top through the southem route(路线)．But no one had ever dared to try a winter climbing up the northern side．But now one man was daring to try the 　　2　　 route．He was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber 　　3　　 Italy．

　　For two days he had climbed．The village people had watched him anxiously(焦虑)．Now they were waiting to see his signal．If he planned to 　　4　　 the next day, he would light(点燃)a green signal(信号)．A red light would mean that he was turning back．

　　A tiny green light 　　5　　 high on the mountain side．Bonatti was not giving up! The people 　　6　　．The next day he continued his way upward．He was so lonely and so 　　7　　! But he would not give up．Again that night he lit the green light．In the morning, Bonatti 　　8　　．He could not see the top；he knew he was 　　9　　 there．Though the climb was painful, he moved up．

　　Bonatti had spent months 　　10　　 for the climb．Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and skill to climb to the top?

　　He was finally at the top! News about his．　　11　　 was radioed to the world．

　　The trip down the southern route was easy．He was warmly welcomed in the village．He had done the “ 　　12　　 ” and would be well remembered as a climber of all time．

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阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

　　IQ(intelligence quotient智商)is a score that shows a person's level of intelligence．

　　People used to believe that some people are born with a high IQ and some aren't．

　　　　1　　 , a study by scientist at University College London has challenged(挑战)this idea．According to an article last October on the Journal Nature, scientists are beginning to think that our IQ is not a constant(不变的)score．

　　The scientists tested 33 healthy young people in 2004 between the ages of 12 and 16．Then they did tests again four years later, when the same people were between 16 and 20．

　　Scientists found big changes in the IQ scores between 2008 and 2004．Some 　　2　　 and some fell 　　3　　 as many as 21 points．

　　To test whether these scores were meaningful, the scientists compared them with results from brain scans(扫描)．They found that the IQ changes matched changes in the structure(结构)of the subjects’ brains．“A change in 20 points is a huge 　　4　　, ” said Professor Cathy Price, who led the research．He said it could mean the difference between an average and a 　　5　　 person．The team has not found a clear cause for these changes．However, they say it is 　　6　　 that education plays a role in changing IQ．

　　“Here we have shown that children's 　　7　　 is likely to be still developing, ” says Price．“We have to be careful not to write off 　　8　　 performers at an early stage．In fact, their IQ may improve in a few more years．”

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Mary spent her summer vacation in China with her parents last year．They visited a lot of famous 　　1　　, such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai．She 　　2　　 Beijing for a week．She 　　3　　 the Palace Museum, the Great Wall, Tian’an Men Square 　　4　　 the Summer Palace．They 　　5　　 went to the zoos and the parks．　　6　　 was cloudy, but not rainy, so it 　　7　　 not too hot．They 　　8　　 great fun playing in the zoos and the parks．Mary learnt a lot 　　9　　 Chinese history．She said, “It is interesting to visit China．I 　　10　　 China very much．”

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　　My father is forty years old．He works in a restaurant．He is a waiter．He is very 　　1　　 every day．He goes to work very early and 　　2　　 home very late．Our home is a bit far(远的)from his workplace, so he usually 　　3　　 a bus to work．He has a lot of things to do every day．

　　There are many people in the restaurant every day, and there are more people on Saturdays and Sundays．People like to come to the restaurant 　　4　　 it has some specials for dumplings every day．The bowls have three sizes-small, medium and large．If you don't have enough(足够的)money with you, you may pay for them next time．My father is 　　5　　 to everyone, so people like to talk with him．

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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案。

　　One day, when he was out for a walk in the street, Mr．Basil suddenly saw a man 　　1　　 at a dog and kicking it fiercely．Mr．Basil, a 　　2　　 man was angry at the scene．“Poor dog, I should help it．” Mr．Basil went up to the man at once, and without saying a word, he seized the man's collar and began to 　　3　　 him with his stick．

　　Affected by Mr．Basil's action, the man 　　4　　 expected someone would interfere in his business like that．He staggered(摇晃)and 　　5　　 onto the ground．Almost 　　6　　 , seeing its master beaten by a stranger, the dog 　　7　　 to its feet, barked and began to run

　　after Mr．Basil．The dog 　　8　　 Mr．Basil as their enemy instead of thanking him for his 　　9　　 will．So frightened, Mr．Basil ran away as fast as he could without looking back．

　　Now what do you think of Mr．Basil's 　　10　　 and did it serve him right? Mr．Basil may learn a 　　11　　 from this and will never do such a foolish thing again．So remember not to have a finger in the pie 　　12　　 you will have your finger in the fire．

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通读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　John, 11 years old, was in bed in hospital．Several days before, while he was 　　1　　 in a baseball game, he fell and hit his head．The doctor believed that he might 　　2　　 get well．

　　“He seems to have given up hope．So medicine alone won't 　　3　　．Perhaps he needs something else, ” said a doctor．“When I visit him, all he ever says is that he would like to meet Babe Ruth．”

　　To meet Babe Ruth, of course, was not 　　4　　．In America, Babe Ruth was as 　　5　　 a man as the President himself, and he was the most famous baseball player．

　　The next day John's father managed(设法)to tell Babe Ruth about the story of his son on the phone．Twenty-four hours later, as the boy 　　6　　 in his hospital room, in walked 　　7　　．Young John could hardly believe his own eyes!

　　The great baseball player sat down at John's bedside, saying, “Now, listen, kid, you’ve got to get well．I’ve brought you a new American League baseball, 　　8　　 you must start throwing it．”

　　For John this was the beginning of a new life．　　9　　 his doctor's surprise, the boy walked out of the hospital on his own a few weeks later．He was able to live a healthy life-all because of the 　　10　　 of Babe Ruth．

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通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　A man and his friend were walking through the deser(沙漠)．During the trip they had a 　　1　　, and the man hit his friend in the face．His friend was hurt, but without saying 　　2　　 , he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face．”

　　They 　　3　　 on walking until they found a lake, where they decided to take a bath．The man's friend fell into the lake and was in danger, but the man saved him．After he came back to life, he wrtoe on a 　　4　　：“Today my best friend saved my life．”

　　The man who had hit and 　　5　　 his best friend asked, “ 　　6　　 I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now, you wrote on a stone．Why? ” His friend 　　7　　 , “When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where wind can 　　9　　 it away．　　8　　 , when someone does something good for us, we must write it down in stone where it can 　　10　　 for ever．”

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通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

　　There are many kinds of friends．Some are always 　　1　　 you, but don't understand you．Some say only a few words to you, but understand you．Many people will step in your life, but only 　　2　　 friends leave footprints(脚印)．

　　I shall always think of the autumn and the girl with the 　　3　　．It was the golden season．I could see the yellow leaves 　　4　　 in the cool wind．Autumn is a harvest(丰收)season and life is uninteresting．The free days always let 　　5　　 down．But one day, the sound of a violin came into my ears．I was so surprised that I jumped to see what it was．A young girl, standing in the wind, was 　　6　　 in playing her violin．I had 　　7　　 seen her before．The music was so nice that I didn't know I had been 　　8　　 there for so long．

　　Every day I went to watch her performance．I was the only listener．The autumn seemed no longer lonely and life became 　　9　　．I thought we were already good friends, 　　10　　 we didn't know each other．

　　Autumn was nearly over．One day, when I was listening carefully, the sound suddenly

　　　　11　　．To my surprise, the girl came over to me．

　　“You must like violin．” she said．

　　“Yes．And you play very well．Why did you stop? ” I asked．

　　　　12　　 , a sad expression appeared on her face and I could feel something unusual．

　　“I came here to see my grandmother, but now I must leave．I once played very badly．It was your listening every day that 　　13　　 me．” she said．

　　“ 　　14　　 , it was your playing that gave me a meaningful autumn, ” I answered, “Let's be friends．” The girl smiled, and so did I．

　　I never heard her play again in my life．But I will always remember the girl．She is like a dream－so short, so bright, like a star giving off so much light that it makes the 　　15　　 beautiful．

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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

　　The teacher stood before his class and was going to hand out the final exam papers．“I know how 　　1　　 you have all worked to prepare for this test, ” he said．“And because I know you can do it well, I am willing to offer a B to anyone who would 　　2　　 not to take the test．

　　Many students jumped up to 　　3　　 the teacher and left the classroom．The teacher looked at the 　　4　　 students and said, “Does anyone else want to get a B? this is your last 　　5　　．” Two more students decided to go．

　　Seven students remained．The teacher then handed out the 　　6　　．There were only three sentences typed on the paper：Congratulations! You have just 　　7　　an A in this class．Keep believing in yourself．

　　I never had a teacher like that, but I think it is a test 　　8　　 any teacher could and should give．Students who are not 　　9　　 in what they have learned are B students at best(充其量)．

　　The same is 　　10　　 in real life．The A students are those who believe in what they are doing because they have 　　11　　 both successes and failures．They have learned life's lessons, either from normal education 　　12　　 from events in their lives, and have become 　　13　　 people．

　　Scientists say that by the age of eight, 80％ of what we believe about ourselves has already been formed．You are a big kid now, and you 　　14　　 that you have some limits(限制)．However, there is 　　15　　 you can't do or learn or be．Sir Edmund Hillary, the first person to reach the summit of Mount Everest said, “It's not the mountain we conquer(克服)but ourselves．

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