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【题目】阅读图文材料,完成下列要求。

黄石市是武汉城市圈副中心城市,是全国资源枯竭转型试点城市,也是国务院批准的沿江开放城市。黄石市是近代中国民族工业的摇篮,境内有武九铁路贯穿,并有大广、沪渝、福银、杭瑞四条高速公路交会,还拥有国家一类水运口岸。截至2015年,全市已探明储量的矿产有37种,其中铁、铜、金、煤等是优势矿产。黄石形成了黑色金属、有色金属、机械制造、建材、能源、食品饮料、纺织服装、化工医药等8大产业集群。2017年,国家发展改革委员会确定了全国12个城市(经济区)建设首批产业转型升级示范区,黄石市是湖北省唯一一个入选城市。

(1)简述黄石市成为近代中国民族工业摇篮的主要条件。

(2)分析近些年黄石市工业发展面临的主要问题。

(3)试为黄石市产业转型升级提出合理化建议。

【答案】(1)矿产资源丰富,原料充足;河湖众多,水源充足;临近长江,水运便利;地处长江中下游地区,人口稠密,经济发展水平较高,市场广阔。(答出三点)(2)矿产资源储量减少;产业结构单一;产业结构层次较低,附加值较低;环境污染加剧,生态环境质量下降等 (3)改造升级传统产业;大力培育新兴产业;因地制宜地发展现代农业和旅游业;完善基础设施;加强环境污染防治,推进生态环境治理等。(答出四点)

【解析】整体分析:早期工业发展主要是有优势自然条件。黄石地区矿产资源丰富,原料充足,水源充足,水陆交通便利,利于工业发展。矿产资源是不可再生资源,总会出现资源枯竭问题,传统工业区,环境污染问题严重。要调整产业结构,治理污染,发展新兴产业。

(1)根据材料,黄石地区矿产资源丰富,原料充足。河湖众多,水源充足。临近长江,水运便利,有国家一类水运口岸。地处长江中下游地区,人口稠密,有铁路、公路、水运等交通方式,经济发展水平较高,市场广阔。

(2)矿产资源是不可再生资源,黄石矿产资源储量减少,面临资源枯竭问题。以传统工业为主,产业结构单一。产业结构层次较低,附加值较低。资源开采、冶金等重工业比重大,环境污染加剧,生态环境质量下降等。

(3)黄石市要调整产业结构,改造升级传统产业,大力培育新兴产业。因地制宜地发展现代农业和旅游业。完善基础设施,加强环境污染防治,推进生态环境治理等。

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