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【题目】矿井坍塌导致工人被长时间困在井下,缺少水源和食物。下列叙述正确的是

A.机体抗利尿激素分泌增多能减少水分丧失

B.为维持内环境的稳定,机体分泌的胰岛素增多

C.机体缺水引发下丘脑调节中枢产生渴觉

D.机体内储存的糖原减少,细胞外液渗透压降低

【答案】A

【解析】抗利尿激素能促进肾小管和集合管对水的重吸收,使尿量减少,所以机体抗利尿激素分泌增多能减少水分随尿液丧失,A项正确;工人长时间缺少食物,会导致血糖浓度降低,为维持内环境的稳定,机体分泌的胰高血糖素增多,B项错误;渴觉是在大脑皮层的渴觉中枢产生的,C项错误;由B项分析可知,体内胰高血糖素分泌增多,会促进肝糖原分解和其他非糖物质转变成葡萄糖进入血液,使血糖浓度维持相对稳定,同时由于缺少水源会使细胞外液渗透压升高,故D项错误。

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