【题目】据国家统计局消息,2017年4月份,全国居民消费价格总水平同比上涨1.2%。其中,城市上涨1.3%,农村上涨0.8%;食品价格下降3.5%,非食品价格上涨2.4%;消费品价格上涨0.2%,服务价格上涨2.9%。1~4月平均,全国居民消费价格总水平比去年同期上涨1.4%。
请运用经济生活知识简要回答:影响消费水平的因素有哪些?
【答案】①收入是消费的基础和前提。当前可支配收入影响消费水平。
②未来收入预期影响消费水平。
③居民收入差距影响社会整体消费水平。
【解析】本题考查影响消费水平的因素有哪些,是教材基础知识的理解与识记,可以从根本因素、主要因素角度入手。根本因素是经济的发展;居民的收入是影响消费的最主要因素之一,收入是消费的基础和前提。居民消费水平不仅取决于当前的收入,而且受未来收入预期的影响。社会总体消费水平的高低与人们的收入差距的大小有密切的联系,人们的收入差距过大,总体消费水平会降低;反之,缩小过大的收入差距,会使总体消费水平提高。商品价格的高低是影响消费的又一最主要因素之一。另外,商品的性能、外观、质量、包装等也能成为影响消费的原因,甚至购买方式、商店位置、服务态度、售后维修与保养情况都能影响人们的消费活动。
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