【题目】已知一对等位基因控制鸡的羽毛颜色,BB为黑羽,bb为白羽,Bb为蓝羽;另一对等位基因CL和C控制鸡的小腿长度,CLC为短腿,CC为正常,但CLCL胚胎致死。两对基因位于常染色体上且独立遗传。一只黑羽短腿鸡与一只白羽短腿鸡交配,获得F1。
(1)F1的表现型及比例是 。若让F1中两只蓝羽短腿鸡交配,F2中出现 种不同表现型,其中蓝羽短腿鸡所占比例为 。
(2)羽毛颜色显性现象的表现形式是 ;从交配结果可判断CL和C的显隐性关系,在决定小腿长度性状上,CL是 ,在控制致死效应上,CL是 。
(3)在火鸡(ZW型性别决定)中,有人发现少数雌鸡的卵细胞不与精子结合,而与某一极体结合,并能发育成正常个体(注:WW胚胎致死)。这种情况下,后代总是雄性,推理其原因是 。
【答案】(1)蓝羽短腿:蓝羽正常=2:1 6 1/3
(2)不完全显性 显性 隐性
(3)交配过程中卵细胞只与次级卵母细胞形成的极体结合,产生的ZZ为雄性,WW胚胎致死。
【解析】
试题分析:(1)根据题意:黑羽短腿鸡(BBCLC)与白羽短腿鸡(bbCLC)交配,F1基因型比为BbCLCL:BbCLC:BbCC=1:2:1,其中BbCLCL死亡。所以F1表现型及比例为蓝羽短腿:蓝羽正常=2:1。按照一对对分析的思路,F1中两只蓝羽短腿鸡(BbCLC)交配,F2中出现的表现型种类为3×2=6种,其中蓝羽短腿鸡(BbCLC)所占比例是1/2×2/3=1/3。
(2)BB为黑羽,bb为白羽,Bb为蓝羽,Bb为蓝羽表现为中间类型,所以羽毛颜色显性现象的表现形式是不完全显性。从交配结果(CLC为存活短腿)可判断,CL对C为显性,在控制死亡效应上,CL是隐性。
(3)根据题意可知实质亲本为ZW×ZW,交配过程中卵细胞只与次级卵母细胞形成的极体结合,产生的ZZ为雄性,WW胚胎致死。
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