【题目】阅读下面这两首诗，完成后面两题。
鹧鸪词
李 益
湘江斑竹枝，锦翅鹧鸪飞。
处处湘云合，郎从何处归？
鹧鸪词
李 涉
湘江烟水深，沙岸隔枫林。何处鹧鸪飞，日斜斑竹阴。
二女①虚垂泪，三闾枉自沉。惟有鹧鸪鸟，独伤行客心。
【注】①二女：舜帝二妃娥皇、女英。
【1】两首诗中诗人表达的感情有何不同？请作简要回答。
答：
【2】两首诗中都写到了“湘江”“斑竹”和“鹧鸪”，请问李益诗的前两句和李涉诗的前四句都用了《诗经》中的何种表现手法？试作简要赏析。
答：
【答案】
【1】李益诗主要表达一位女子对远方情郎的思念之苦以及盼望情郎归来的急切之情；李涉诗主要表达怀古及游子行客的羁旅愁情。
【2】用典和起兴。李益诗由“斑竹”的典故及鹧鸪写起，勾起了女主人公怀念情郎的愁怀。李涉诗由湘江水深引出对屈原沉江的感叹，由“斑竹”典故想到“二女”。
【解析】
【1】本题考查鉴赏作者思想感情的能力。我们可根据两首诗歌的标题、注释及关键词等分析作答。李益诗中的关键词“鹧鸪飞”“湘云合”“郎从何处归”等表现出少女对远方情郎的思念之情；李涉诗可抓住“独伤行客心”得出主人公是一位游子形象，表达的是羁旅之情。
【2】此题考查鉴赏诗歌表达技巧的能力。答题时，可根据常见的表达技巧，结合着关键词句分析作答。李益诗中关键词“斑竹”和“鹧鸪”，李涉诗中关键词“湘江”分别是作者借以引出所要歌咏的怀念情郎和对屈原沉江的感叹，故采用的是用典和起兴手法。
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