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    【题目】常温下，在0.01 molL1硫酸溶液中，水电离出的氢离子浓度是

    A．5×1013 mol L1 B．0.02 mol L1 C．1×107 mol L1 D．1×1012mol L1

    【答案】A

    【解析】溶液中共有两部分H+：水电离出来的H+和硫酸电离出来的H+。其中硫酸电离出来的H+为c(H+)=0.01×2= 0.02 mol L1。水电离出来的H+要小于107mol L1，硫酸电离出来的H+是主要的，因此认为溶液中的H+的总浓度就是0. 02 mol L1，根据c(OH)= Kw /c(H+)，溶液中的c(OH) =1014/0.02=5 × 10 13 molL1 。因为水电离出来的H+和OH的个数相等(不受任何条件限制)，则水电离出来的H+浓度就是5×1013 mol L1。

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